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glob 模块:文件模式匹配

In [1]:

import glob

glob 模块提供了方便的文件模式匹配方法。

例如,找到所有以 .ipynb 结尾的文件名:

In [2]:

glob.glob("*.ipynb")

Out[2]:

['11.03 json.ipynb',
 '11.01 pprint.ipynb',
 '11.02 pickle and cpickle.ipynb',
 '11.04 glob.ipynb']

glob 函数支持三种格式的语法:

  • * 匹配单个或多个字符
  • ? 匹配任意单个字符
  • [] 匹配指定范围内的字符,如:[0-9]匹配数字。

假设我们要匹配第 09 节所有的 .ipynb 文件:

In [3]:

glob.glob("../09*/*.ipynb")

Out[3]:

['../09\. theano/09.05 configuration settings and compiling modes.ipynb',
 '../09\. theano/09.03 gpu on windows.ipynb',
 '../09\. theano/09.07 loop with scan.ipynb',
 '../09\. theano/09.13 modern net on mnist.ipynb',
 '../09\. theano/09.11 net on mnist.ipynb',
 '../09\. theano/09.09 logistic regression .ipynb',
 '../09\. theano/09.10 softmax on mnist.ipynb',
 '../09\. theano/09.01 introduction and installation.ipynb',
 '../09\. theano/09.02 theano basics.ipynb',
 '../09\. theano/09.12 random streams.ipynb',
 '../09\. theano/09.04 graph structures.ipynb',
 '../09\. theano/09.14 convolutional net on mnist.ipynb',
 '../09\. theano/09.08 linear regression.ipynb',
 '../09\. theano/09.15 tensor module.ipynb',
 '../09\. theano/09.06 conditions in theano.ipynb']

匹配数字开头的文件夹名:

In [4]:

glob.glob("../[0-9]*")

Out[4]:

['../04\. scipy',
 '../02\. python essentials',
 '../07\. interfacing with other languages',
 '../11\. useful tools',
 '../05\. advanced python',
 '../10\. something interesting',
 '../03\. numpy',
 '../06\. matplotlib',
 '../08\. object-oriented programming',
 '../01\. python tools',
 '../09\. theano']