diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index 0612a99c23..2274f8974b 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -27,3 +27,14 @@ naivebayes-model
 csvindexwriter
 lib/spotbugs-*
 ivy/dependency-check-ant/*
+
+# Ignore Gradle project-specific cache directory
+.gradle
+
+# Ignore Gradle build output directory
+build
+
+# Ignore Gradle Wrapper
+gradle/
+gradlew
+gradlew.bat
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Jenkinsfile b/Jenkinsfile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..efc3b628ef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Jenkinsfile
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+#!groovy
+
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+ 
+def AGENT_LABEL = env.AGENT_LABEL ?: 'ubuntu'
+// =================================================================
+// https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/INFRA/Jenkins
+// https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/INFRA/Multibranch+Pipeline+recipes
+// =================================================================
+
+// general pipeline documentation: https://jenkins.io/doc/book/pipeline/syntax/
+pipeline {
+    agent {
+        node {
+            label AGENT_LABEL
+        }
+    }
+    
+    environment {
+        LANG = 'C.UTF-8'
+}
+
+    stages {
+        stage('Build') {
+            steps {
+                sh "gradle build"
+              }
+
+            post {
+                success {
+                    archiveArtifacts '**/target/*.jar'
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        
+        stage('Test') {
+            steps {
+                sh "gradle test"
+            }
+
+            post {
+                always {
+                    junit testResults: '**/target/surefire-reports/TEST-*.xml', testDataPublishers: [[$class: 'StabilityTestDataPublisher']]
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/build.gradle.kts b/build.gradle.kts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b584701cf6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/build.gradle.kts
@@ -0,0 +1,579 @@
+/*
+* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+* contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+* the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+*
+*     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+*
+* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+* limitations under the License.
+*/
+
+plugins {
+    application
+    base
+    java
+    `maven-publish`
+    `java-library`
+}
+
+repositories {
+    mavenCentral()
+}
+
+dependencies {
+    val cxfVersion by extra { "3.4.1" }
+    val hadoopVersion by extra { "3.1.3" }
+    val jacksonVersion by extra { "2.12.0" }
+    val log4j2Version by extra { "2.17.0" }
+    val mortbayJettyVersion by extra { "6.1.26" }
+
+    implementation("com.ibm.icu:icu4j:68.2")
+    implementation("com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-annotations:${jacksonVersion}")
+    implementation("com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-databind:${jacksonVersion}")
+    implementation("com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat:jackson-dataformat-cbor:${jacksonVersion}")
+    implementation("com.fasterxml.jackson.jaxrs:jackson-jaxrs-json-provider:${jacksonVersion}")
+    implementation("com.github.crawler-commons:crawler-commons:1.2")
+    implementation("com.google.code.gson:gson:2.8.9")
+    implementation("com.google.guava:guava:30.1-jre")
+    implementation("com.martinkl.warc:warc-hadoop:0.1.0") {
+        exclude(module="hadoop-client")
+    }
+    implementation("com.rabbitmq:amqp-client:5.2.0")
+    implementation("com.tdunning:t-digest:3.2")
+    implementation("commons-codec:commons-codec:1.15")
+    implementation("de.vandermeer:asciitable:0.3.2")
+    implementation("org.apache.commons:commons-collections4:4.4")
+    implementation("org.apache.commons:commons-compress:1.21")
+    implementation("org.apache.commons:commons-jexl3:3.1")
+    implementation("org.apache.commons:commons-lang3:3.12.0")
+    implementation("org.apache.cxf:cxf-rt-frontend-jaxrs:${cxfVersion}")
+    implementation("org.apache.cxf:cxf-rt-frontend-jaxws:${cxfVersion}")
+    implementation("org.apache.cxf:cxf-rt-transports-http:${cxfVersion}")
+    implementation("org.apache.cxf:cxf-rt-transports-http-jetty:${cxfVersion}")
+    implementation("org.apache.hadoop:hadoop-common:${hadoopVersion}") {
+        exclude("ant", "ant")
+        exclude("hsqldb", "hsqldb")
+        exclude("net.java.dev.jets3t", "jets3t")
+        exclude("net.sf.kosmosfs", "kfs")
+        exclude("org.eclipse.jdt", "core")
+        exclude("org.mortbay.jetty", "jsp-*")
+    }
+    implementation("org.apache.hadoop:hadoop-hdfs:${hadoopVersion}")
+    implementation("org.apache.hadoop:hadoop-mapreduce-client-core:${hadoopVersion}")
+    implementation("org.apache.hadoop:hadoop-mapreduce-client-jobclient:${hadoopVersion}")
+    implementation("org.apache.httpcomponents:httpcore:4.4.14")
+    implementation("org.apache.httpcomponents:httpcore-nio:4.4.9")
+    implementation("org.apache.httpcomponents:httpclient:4.5.13")
+    implementation("org.apache.logging.log4j:log4j-api:${log4j2Version}")
+    implementation("org.apache.logging.log4j:log4j-core:${log4j2Version}")
+    implementation("org.apache.logging.log4j:log4j-slf4j-impl:${log4j2Version}")
+    implementation("org.apache.tika:tika-core:2.2.1")
+    implementation("org.mortbay.jetty:jetty:${mortbayJettyVersion}")
+    implementation("org.netpreserve.commons:webarchive-commons:1.1.9") {
+        exclude(group="com.google.guava")
+        exclude("it.unimi.dsi", "dsiutils")
+            because("Incompatible LGPL 2.1 licence; exclusion disables support of WARC generation by 'bin/nutch commoncrawldump -warc ...'. Remove this exclusion and recompile Nutch to generate WARC files using the 'commoncrawldump' tool.")
+        exclude(group="junit")
+        exclude(module="hadoop-core")
+        exclude("org.gnu.inet", "libidn")
+            because("Incompatible LGPL 2.1 licence; exclusion disables support of WARC generation by 'bin/nutch commoncrawldump -warc ...'. Remove this exclusion and recompile Nutch to generate WARC files using the 'commoncrawldump' tool.")
+        exclude(group="org.json")
+            because("Incompatible JSON licence.")
+    }
+    implementation("org.slf4j:slf4j-api:1.7.35")
+    implementation("xerces:xercesImpl:2.12.1")
+    implementation("xml-apis:xml-apis:1.4.01") {
+        because("Force this version as it is required by Tika.")
+    }
+
+    testImplementation("junit:junit:4.13.2")
+    testImplementation("org.apache.cxf:cxf-rt-rs-client:${cxfVersion}")
+    testImplementation("org.apache.mrunit:mrunit:1.1.0:hadoop2") {
+        exclude("log4j", "log4j")
+    }
+    testImplementation("org.mortbay.jetty:jetty-client:${mortbayJettyVersion}")
+}
+
+application {
+    // Define the main class for the application.
+    //mainClass.set("nutch.App")
+}
+
+publishing {
+    publications {
+        create<MavenPublication>("maven") {
+            groupId = "org.apache.nutch"
+            artifactId = "nutch"
+            version = "1.18"
+
+            from(components["java"])
+        }
+    }
+    repositories {
+        maven {
+            url = uri("https://repository.apache.org/service/local/staging/deploy/maven2")
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+configurations {
+    implementation {
+        resolutionStrategy.failOnVersionConflict()
+    }
+}
+
+configurations.all {
+    exclude(group="com.thoughtworks.xstream")
+    exclude(module="jms")
+    exclude(module="jmx-tools")
+    exclude(module="jmxri")
+    exclude(module="log4j")
+    exclude(module="slf4j-log4j12")
+}
+
+configure<JavaPluginExtension> {
+    sourceCompatibility=JavaVersion.VERSION_11
+    targetCompatibility=JavaVersion.VERSION_11
+}
+
+// the normal classpath
+val classpathCollection: FileCollection = layout.files(
+    file("${project.properties["build.classes"]}"),
+    fileTree(mapOf("dir" to project.properties["build.lib.dir"], "include" to listOf("*.jar")))
+)
+val classPath: String = classpathCollection.asPath
+
+// test classpath
+val testClasspathCollection: FileCollection = layout.files(
+    file("${project.properties["test.build.classes"]}"),
+    file("${project.properties["conf.dir"]}"),
+    file("${project.properties["test.src.dir"]}"),
+    file("${project.properties["build.plugins"]}"),
+    classpathCollection,
+    file(layout.buildDirectory.dir("${project.properties["build.dir"]}/${project.properties["final.name"]}.job")),
+    fileTree(mapOf("dir" to project.properties["build.lib.dir"], "include" to listOf("*.jar"))),
+    fileTree(mapOf("dir" to project.properties["test.build.lib.dir"], "include" to listOf("*.jar")))
+)
+
+// legacy ant target "init" renamed to "init-nutch" to avoid gradle naming conflicts
+tasks.register<Copy>("init-nutch") {
+    group = "gradleBuildSystem"
+    description = "Stuff required by all targets"
+
+    // making six directories
+    mkdir("${project.properties["build.dir"]}")
+    mkdir("${project.properties["build.classes"]}")
+    mkdir("${project.properties["build.dir"]}/release")
+    mkdir("${project.properties["test.build.dir"]}")
+    mkdir("${project.properties["test.build.classes"]}")
+    mkdir("${project.properties["test.build.lib.dir"]}")
+
+    // renaming from *.template to * for all files in folders in conf.dir
+    from(layout.projectDirectory.dir("${project.properties["conf.dir"]}"))
+    include("**/*.template")
+    rename { filename: String ->
+            filename.replace(".template", "")
+    }
+    into(layout.projectDirectory.dir("${project.properties["conf.dir"]}"))
+}
+
+tasks.register<Sync>("resolve-default") {
+    group = "gradleBuildSystem"
+    description = "Resolve and retrieve dependencies"
+    dependsOn("clean-default-lib","init-nutch","copy-libs")
+    from(configurations.compileClasspath)
+    from(configurations.runtimeClasspath)
+    into(layout.buildDirectory.dir("${project.properties["lib.dir"]}"))
+}
+
+tasks.register<Sync>("resolve-test") {
+    group = "gradleBuildSystem"
+    description = "Resolve and retrieve dependencies"
+    dependsOn("clean-test-lib","init-nutch","copy-libs")
+    from(configurations.testCompileClasspath)
+    from(configurations.testRuntimeClasspath)
+    into(layout.projectDirectory.dir("${project.properties["test.build.lib.dir"]}"))
+}
+
+tasks.register("compile") {
+    group = "gradleBuildSystem"
+    description = "Compile all Java files"
+    dependsOn("compile-core","compile-plugins")
+}
+
+tasks.register<JavaCompile>("compile-core") {
+    group = "gradleBuildSystem"
+    description = "Compile core Java files only"
+    dependsOn("init-nutch","resolve-default","compileJava")
+    source = fileTree("${project.properties["src.dir"]}")
+    include("org/apache/nutch/**/*.java")
+    destinationDirectory.set(layout.projectDirectory.dir("${project.properties["build.classes"]}"))
+    classpath = classpathCollection
+    sourceCompatibility = "${project.properties["javac.version"]}"
+    targetCompatibility = "${project.properties["javac.version"]}"
+    options.annotationProcessorPath = classpathCollection
+    options.sourcepath = layout.files("${project.properties["src.dir"]}")
+    options.compilerArgs.add("-Xlint:-path")
+    options.compilerArgs.add("-Xpkginfo:always")
+    options.encoding = "${project.properties["build.encoding"]}"
+    options.isDebug = "${project.properties["javac.debug"]}" == "on"
+    options.isDeprecation = "${project.properties["javac.deprecation"]}" == "on"
+    
+    copy {
+        from(layout.projectDirectory.dir("${project.properties["src.dir"]}"))
+        include("**/*.html", "**/*.css", "**/*.properties")
+        into(layout.projectDirectory.dir("${project.properties["build.classes"]}"))
+    }
+    doLast {
+        delete("${project.properties["build.dir"]}/tmp")
+    }
+}
+
+tasks.register<JavaExec>("proxy") {
+    group = "gradleBuildSystem"
+    description = "Run nutch proxy"
+    dependsOn("compile-core-test","job")
+
+    mainClass.set("org.apache.nutch.tools.proxy.ProxyTestbed")
+    classpath = testClasspathCollection
+    args("-fake")
+    jvmArgs("-Djavax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory=com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.jaxp.DocumentBuilderFactoryImpl")
+}
+
+tasks.register<JavaExec>("benchmark") {
+    group = "gradleBuildSystem"
+    description = "Run nutch benchmarking analysis"
+
+    mainClass.set("org.apache.nutch.tools.Benchmark")
+    classpath = testClasspathCollection
+    jvmArgs("-Xmx512m -Djavax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory=com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.jaxp.DocumentBuilderFactoryImpl")
+    args("-maxPerHost")
+    args("10")
+    args("-seeds")
+    args("1")
+    args("-depth")
+    args("5")
+}
+
+tasks.clean {
+    group = "gradleBuildSystem"
+    description = "Clean the project"
+    dependsOn("clean-build","clean-lib","clean-dist","clean-runtime")
+}
+
+tasks.register("clean-lib") {
+    group = "gradleBuildSystem"
+    description = "Clean the project libraries directories (dependencies: default + test)"
+    dependsOn("clean-default-lib","clean-test-lib")
+}
+
+tasks.register<Delete>("clean-default-lib") {
+    group = "gradleBuildSystem"
+    description = "Clean the project libraries directory (dependencies)"
+    delete("${project.properties["build.lib.dir"]}")
+}
+
+tasks.register<Delete>("clean-test-lib") {
+    group = "gradleBuildSystem"
+    description = "Clean the project test libraries directory (dependencies)"
+    delete("${project.properties["test.build.lib.dir"]}")
+}
+
+tasks.register<Delete>("clean-build") {
+    group = "gradleBuildSystem"
+    description = "Clean the project built files"
+    delete("${project.properties["build.dir"]}")
+}
+
+tasks.register<Delete>("clean-dist") {
+    group = "gradleBuildSystem"
+    description = "Clean the project dist files"
+    delete("${project.properties["dist.dir"]}")
+}
+
+tasks.register<Delete>("clean-runtime") {
+    group = "gradleBuildSystem"
+    description = "Clean the project runtime area"
+    delete("${project.properties["runtime.dir"]}")
+}
+
+tasks.register<Copy>("copy-libs") {
+    group = "gradleBuildSystem"
+    description = "Copy the libs in lib"
+    from("${project.properties["lib.dir"]}") {
+        include("**/*.jar")
+    }
+    into("${project.properties["build.lib.dir"]}")
+}
+
+tasks.register<GradleBuild>("compile-plugins") {
+    group = "gradleBuildSystem"
+    description = "Compile plugins only"
+    dependsOn("init-nutch","resolve-default")
+    //TODO Once plugins are finished, uncomment the following lines:
+    // dir = file("src/plugin")
+    // tasks = listOf("deploy")
+}
+
+tasks.jar {
+    group = "gradleBuildSystem"
+    description = "Make nutch.jar"
+    dependsOn("compile-core")
+
+    copy {
+        from(
+            file(layout.projectDirectory.dir("${project.properties["conf.dir"]}/nutch-default.xml")),
+            file(layout.projectDirectory.dir("${project.properties["conf.dir"]}/nutch-site.xml"))
+        )
+        into("${project.properties["build.classes"]}")
+    }
+    archiveFileName.set("${project.properties["final.name"]}.jar")
+    destinationDirectory.set(layout.projectDirectory.dir("${project.properties["build.dir"]}"))
+    from(files("${project.properties["build.classes"]}"))
+    doLast {
+        delete("${project.properties["build.dir"]}/tmp")
+    }
+}
+
+tasks.register<Copy>("runtime") {
+    group = "gradleBuildSystem"
+    description = "Default target for running Nutch"
+    dependsOn("jar","job")
+    mkdir("${project.properties["runtime.dir"]}")
+    mkdir("${project.properties["runtime.local"]}")
+    mkdir("${project.properties["runtime.deploy"]}")
+
+    into(layout.projectDirectory)
+
+    into("${project.properties["runtime.deploy"]}") {
+        from(layout.projectDirectory.dir("${project.properties["build.dir"]}/${project.properties["final.name"]}.job"))
+    }
+    into("${project.properties["runtime.deploy"]}/bin") {
+        from(layout.projectDirectory.dir("src/bin"))
+    }
+    into("${project.properties["runtime.local"]}/lib") {
+        from(layout.projectDirectory.dir("${project.properties["build.dir"]}/${project.properties["final.name"]}.jar"))
+    }
+    into("${project.properties["runtime.local"]}/lib/native") {
+        from(layout.projectDirectory.dir("lib/native"))
+    }
+    into("${project.properties["runtime.local"]}/conf") {
+        from(layout.projectDirectory.dir("${project.properties["conf.dir"]}")) {
+            exclude("*.template")
+        }
+    }
+    into("${project.properties["runtime.local"]}/bin") {
+        from(layout.projectDirectory.dir("src/bin"))
+    }
+    into("${project.properties["runtime.local"]}/lib") {
+        from(layout.projectDirectory.dir("${project.properties["build.lib.dir"]}"))
+    }
+    into("${project.properties["runtime.local"]}/plugins") {
+        from(layout.projectDirectory.dir("${project.properties["build.dir"]}/plugins"))
+    }
+    into("${project.properties["runtime.local"]}/test") {
+        from(layout.projectDirectory.dir("${project.properties["build.dir"]}/test"))
+    }
+
+    doLast() {
+        project.exec() {
+            commandLine("chmod","ugo+x","${project.properties["runtime.deploy"]}/bin")
+            commandLine("chmod","ugo+x","${project.properties["runtime.local"]}/bin")
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+tasks.register<Jar>("job") {
+    group = "gradleBuildSystem"
+    description = "Make nutch.job jar"
+    dependsOn("compile")
+
+    duplicatesStrategy = DuplicatesStrategy.EXCLUDE
+    archiveFileName.set("${project.properties["final.name"]}.job")
+    destinationDirectory.set(layout.projectDirectory.dir("${project.properties["build.dir"]}"))
+    from(layout.projectDirectory.dir("${project.properties["build.classes"]}")) {
+        exclude("nutch-default.xml","nutch-site.xml")
+    }
+    from(layout.projectDirectory.dir("${project.properties["conf.dir"]}")) {
+        exclude("*.template","hadoop*.*")
+    }
+    from(layout.projectDirectory.dir("${project.properties["build.lib.dir"]}")) {
+        include("**/*.jar")
+        exclude("hadoop-*.jar","slf4j*.jar","log4j*.jar")
+        into("lib")
+    }
+    from(layout.projectDirectory.dir("${project.properties["build.plugins"]}")) {
+        exclude("nutch-default.xml","nutch-site.xml")
+        into("classes/plugins")
+    }
+    doLast {
+        delete("${project.properties["build.dir"]}/tmp")
+    }
+}
+
+tasks.register<JavaCompile>("compile-core-test") {
+    group = "gradleBuildSystem"
+    description = "Compile test code"
+    dependsOn("init-nutch","compile-core","resolve-test","compileTestJava")
+
+    source = fileTree("${project.properties["test.src.dir"]}")
+    include("org/apache/nutch/**/*.java")
+    destinationDirectory.set(layout.projectDirectory.dir("${project.properties["test.build.classes"]}"))
+    classpath = testClasspathCollection
+    sourceCompatibility = "${project.properties["javac.version"]}"
+    targetCompatibility = "${project.properties["javac.version"]}"
+
+    options.annotationProcessorPath = testClasspathCollection
+    options.sourcepath = layout.files("${project.properties["src.dir"]}")
+    options.compilerArgs.add("-Xlint:-path")
+    options.compilerArgs.add("-Xpkginfo:always")
+    options.encoding = "${project.properties["build.encoding"]}"
+    options.isDebug = "${project.properties["javac.debug"]}" == "on"
+    options.isDeprecation = "${project.properties["javac.deprecation"]}" == "on"
+}
+
+tasks.test.configure {
+    description = "Run JUnit tests"
+    dependsOn("test-core","test-plugins")
+}
+
+
+tasks.javadoc.configure {
+    group = "gradleBuildSystem"
+    description = "Generate Javadoc"
+    dependsOn("compile")
+
+    val version:String = System.getProperty("java.version")
+    if("1.7.0_25".compareTo(version) >= 0)
+        throw GradleException(
+            "Unsupported Java version: ${version}. Javadoc requires Java version 7u25 " +
+            "or greater. See https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/NUTCH-1590"
+        )
+
+    mkdir("${project.properties["build.javadoc"]}")
+    mkdir("${project.properties["build.javadoc"]}/resources")
+
+    source(fileTree("${project.properties["src.dir"]}"))
+    // todo: add plugins to source
+    include("**/*.java")
+    setDestinationDir(file("${project.properties["build.javadoc"]}"))
+    classpath = classpathCollection.plus(
+        layout.files(
+            fileTree(mapOf("dir" to project.properties["build.plugins"], "include" to listOf("**/*.jar"), "exclude" to listOf("any23/javax.annotation-api*.jar")))
+        )
+    )
+    options {
+        this as StandardJavadocDocletOptions
+        overview = "${project.properties["src.dir"]}/overview.html"
+        windowTitle = "${project.properties["projname"]} ${project.properties["version"]} API"
+        docTitle = windowTitle
+        bottom = "Copyright \u00a9 ${project.properties["year"]} The Apache Software Foundation"
+        isAuthor = true
+        isVersion = true
+        isUse = true
+        links("${project.properties["javadoc.link.java"]}","${project.properties["javadoc.link.hadoop"]}")
+        groups = mutableMapOf(
+                "Core"                    to mutableListOf("org.apache.nutch.*"),
+                "Plugins API"             to "${project.properties["plugins.api"]}"          .split(":"),
+                "Protocol Plugins"        to "${project.properties["plugins.protocol"]}"     .split(":"),
+                "URL Filter Plugins"      to "${project.properties["plugins.urlfilter"]}"    .split(":"),
+                "URL Normalizer Plugins"  to "${project.properties["plugins.urlnormalizer"]}".split(":"),
+                "Scoring Plugins"         to "${project.properties["plugins.scoring"]}"      .split(":"),
+                "Parse Plugins"           to "${project.properties["plugins.parse"]}"        .split(":"),
+                "Parse Filter Plugins"    to "${project.properties["plugins.parsefilter"]}"  .split(":"),
+                "Publisher Plugins"       to "${project.properties["plugins.publisher"]}"    .split(":"),
+                "Exchange Plugins"        to "${project.properties["plugins.exchange"]}"     .split(":"),
+                "Indexing Filter Plugins" to "${project.properties["plugins.index"]}"        .split(":"),
+                "Indexer Plugins"         to "${project.properties["plugins.indexer"]}"      .split(":"),
+                "Misc. Plugins"           to "${project.properties["plugins.misc"]}"         .split(":")
+            )
+        addBooleanOption("-allow-script-in-comments", true)
+        addStringOption("${project.properties["javadoc.proxy.host"]}")
+        addStringOption("${project.properties["javadoc.proxy.port"]}")
+    }
+    
+
+    doLast {
+        copy {
+            from(file(layout.projectDirectory.dir("${project.properties["plugins.dir"]}/plugin.dtd")))
+            into("${project.properties["build.javadoc"]}/org/apache/nutch/plugin/doc-files")
+        }
+        copy {
+            from(
+                file(layout.projectDirectory.dir("${project.properties["conf.dir"]}/nutch-default.xml")),
+                file(layout.projectDirectory.dir("${project.properties["conf.dir"]}/configuration.xsl"))
+            )
+            into("${project.properties["build.javadoc"]}/resources")
+        }
+        delete("${project.properties["build.dir"]}/tmp")
+    }
+}
+
+tasks.register<Copy>("package-src") {
+    group = "gradleBuildSystem"
+    description = "Generate source distribution package"
+    dependsOn("runtime","javadoc")
+
+    destinationDir = file(".")
+
+    mkdir("${project.properties["dist.dir"]}")
+    mkdir("${project.properties["src.dist.version.dir"]}")
+    mkdir("${project.properties["src.dist.version.dir"]}/lib")
+    mkdir("${project.properties["src.dist.version.dir"]}/docs")
+    mkdir("${project.properties["src.dist.version.dir"]}/docs/api")
+    mkdir("${project.properties["src.dist.version.dir"]}/ivy")
+
+    from("lib") {
+        includeEmptyDirs = false
+        into("${project.properties["src.dist.version.dir"]}/lib")
+    }
+    from("${project.properties["conf.dir"]}") {
+        exclude("**/*.template")
+        into("${project.properties["src.dist.version.dir"]}/conf")
+    }
+    from("${project.properties["build.javadoc"]}") {
+        into("${project.properties["src.dist.version.dir"]}/docs/api")
+    }
+    from(".") {
+        include("*.txt")
+        into("${project.properties["src.dist.version.dir"]}")
+    }
+    from("src") {
+        includeEmptyDirs = true
+        into("${project.properties["src.dist.version.dir"]}/src")
+    }
+    from(".") {
+        include("build.gradle.kts","gradle.properties","settings.gradle.kts")
+        into("${project.properties["src.dist.version.dir"]}/")
+    }
+}
+
+tasks.register<Zip>("zip-src") {
+    group = "gradleBuildSystem"
+    description = "Generate src.zip distribution package"
+    dependsOn("package-src")
+
+    archiveFileName.set("${project.properties["src.dist.version.dir"]}.zip")
+    destinationDirectory.set(layout.projectDirectory)
+
+    from(
+        files("${project.properties["src.dist.version.dir"]}") {
+            fileMode = 664
+            exclude("src/bin/*")
+            //TODO delete the following line once Ivy is removed completely
+            exclude("ivy")
+            include("**")
+        },
+        files("${project.properties["src.dist.version.dir"]}") {
+            fileMode = 755
+            include("src/bin/*")
+        }
+    )
+}
diff --git a/gradle.properties b/gradle.properties
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5d9d60ebb9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gradle.properties
@@ -0,0 +1,197 @@
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+# contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+# this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+# The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+# (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+# the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+projname=apache-nutch
+version=1.19-SNAPSHOT
+final.name=apache-nutch-1.19-SNAPSHOT
+year=2022
+
+src.dir = src/java
+lib.dir = lib
+conf.dir = conf
+plugins.dir = src/plugin
+
+build.dir = build
+build.classes = build/classes
+build.plugins = build/plugins
+build.javadoc = build/docs/api
+build.encoding = UTF-8
+build.lib.dir = build/lib
+
+test.src.dir = src/test
+test.build.dir = build/test
+test.build.lib.dir = build/test/lib
+test.build.data = build/test/data
+test.build.classes = build/test/classes
+test.build.javadoc = build/test/docs/api
+test.junit.output.format = plain
+
+# Proxy Host and Port to use for building JavaDoc
+javadoc.proxy.host = -J-DproxyHost=
+javadoc.proxy.port = -J-DproxyPort=
+javadoc.link.java = https://docs.oracle.com/en/java/javase/11/docs/api/
+javadoc.link.hadoop = https://hadoop.apache.org/docs/r3.1.3/api/
+javadoc.packages = org.apache.nutch.*
+
+dist.dir= dist
+src.dist.version.dir = dist/apache-nutch-1.19-SNAPSHOT-src
+bin.dist.version.dir = dist/apache-nutch-1.19-SNAPSHOT-bin
+
+javac.debug = true
+javac.deprecation = true
+javac.version = 11
+
+runtime.dir = runtime
+runtime.deploy = runtime/deploy
+runtime.local = runtime/local
+
+#
+# Plugins API
+#
+plugins.api=\
+   org.apache.nutch.protocol.http.api*:\
+   org.apache.nutch.urlfilter.api*
+
+#
+# Protocol Plugins
+#
+plugins.protocol=\
+   org.apache.nutch.protocol.file*:\
+   org.apache.nutch.protocol.ftp*:\
+   org.apache.nutch.protocol.http*:\
+   org.apache.nutch.protocol.httpclient*:\
+   org.apache.nutch.protocol.interactiveselenium*:\
+   org.apache.nutch.protocol.okhttp*:\
+   org.apache.nutch.protocol.selenium*:\
+   org.apache.nutch.protocol.htmlunit*:\
+#
+# URL Filter Plugins
+#
+plugins.urlfilter=\
+   org.apache.nutch.urlfilter.automaton*:\
+   org.apache.nutch.urlfilter.domain*:\
+   org.apache.nutch.urlfilter.domaindenylist*:\
+   org.apache.nutch.urlfilter.fast*:\
+   org.apache.nutch.urlfilter.ignoreexempt*:\
+   org.apache.nutch.urlfilter.prefix*:\
+   org.apache.nutch.urlfilter.regex*:\
+   org.apache.nutch.urlfilter.suffix*:\
+   org.apache.nutch.urlfilter.validator*
+
+#
+# URL Normalizer Plugins
+#
+plugins.urlnormalizer=\
+   org.apache.nutch.net.urlnormalizer.ajax*:\
+   org.apache.nutch.net.urlnormalizer.basic*:\
+   org.apache.nutch.net.urlnormalizer.host*:\
+   org.apache.nutch.net.urlnormalizer.pass*:\
+   org.apache.nutch.net.urlnormalizer.protocol*:\
+   org.apache.nutch.net.urlnormalizer.querystring*:\
+   org.apache.nutch.net.urlnormalizer.regex*:\
+   org.apache.nutch.net.urlnormalizer.slash*
+
+#
+# Scoring Plugins
+#
+plugins.scoring=\
+   org.apache.nutch.scoring.depth*:\
+   org.apache.nutch.scoring.link*:\
+   org.apache.nutch.scoring.opic*:\
+   org.apache.nutch.scoring.orphan*:\
+   org.apache.nutch.scoring.similarity*:\
+   org.apache.nutch.scoring.tld*:\
+   org.apache.nutch.scoring.urlmeta*:\
+   org.apache.nutch.scoring.metadata*
+
+#
+# Parse Plugins
+#
+plugins.parse=\
+   org.apache.nutch.parse.ext*:\
+   org.apache.nutch.parse.feed*:\
+   org.apache.nutch.parse.html*:\
+   org.apache.nutch.parse.js:\
+   org.apache.nutch.parse.replace*:\
+   org.apache.nutch.parse.swf*:\
+   org.apache.nutch.parse.tika:\
+   org.apache.nutch.parse.zip
+
+#
+# Parse Filter Plugins
+#
+plugins.parsefilter=\
+   org.apache.nutch.parsefilter.debug*:\
+   org.apache.nutch.parse.headings*:\
+   org.apache.nutch.parsefilter.naivebayes*:\
+   org.apache.nutch.parsefilter.regex*:\
+   org.apache.nutch.parse.metatags*
+
+#
+# Publisher Plugins
+#
+plugins.publisher=\
+    org.apache.nutch.publisher.rabbitmq*
+
+#
+# Exchange Plugins
+#
+plugins.exchange=\
+   org.apache.nutch.exchange.jexl*
+
+#
+# Indexing Filter Plugins
+#
+plugins.index=\
+   org.apache.nutch.indexer.anchor*:\
+   org.apache.nutch.indexer.basic*:\
+   org.apache.nutch.indexer.feed*:\
+   org.apache.nutch.indexer.geoip*:\
+   org.apache.nutch.indexer.jexl*:\
+   org.apache.nutch.indexer.filter*:\
+   org.apache.nutch.indexer.links*:\
+   org.apache.nutch.indexer.metadata*:\
+   org.apache.nutch.indexer.more*:\
+   org.apache.nutch.indexer.replace*:\
+   org.apache.nutch.indexer.staticfield*:\
+   org.apache.nutch.indexer.subcollection*:\
+   org.apache.nutch.indexer.tld*:\
+   org.apache.nutch.indexer.urlmeta*
+
+#
+# Indexing Backend Plugins
+#
+plugins.indexer=\
+   org.apache.nutch.indexwriter.cloudsearch*:\
+   org.apache.nutch.indexwriter.csv*:\
+   org.apache.nutch.indexwriter.dummy*:\
+   org.apache.nutch.indexwriter.elastic*:\
+   org.apache.nutch.indexwriter.rabbit*:\
+   org.apache.nutch.indexwriter.kafka*:\
+   org.apache.nutch.indexwriter.solr*
+
+#
+# Misc. Plugins
+#
+# (gathers plugins that cannot be dispatched
+# in any category, mainly because they contain
+# many extension points)
+#
+plugins.misc=\
+   org.apache.nutch.collection*:\
+   org.apache.nutch.analysis.lang*:\
+   org.creativecommons.nutch*:\
+   org.apache.nutch.microformats.reltag*:\
+   org.apache.nutch.any23*
diff --git a/settings.gradle.kts b/settings.gradle.kts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5f6b6be4b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/settings.gradle.kts
@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+rootProject.name = "nutch"
+
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/any23")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/build-plugin.xml")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/creativecommons")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/exchange-jexl")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/feed")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/headings")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/index-anchor")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/index-basic")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/index-geoip")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/index-jexl-filter")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/index-links")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/index-metadata")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/index-more")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/index-replace")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/index-static")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/indexer-cloudsearch")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/indexer-csv")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/indexer-dummy")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/indexer-elastic")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/indexer-kafka")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/indexer-rabbit")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/indexer-solr")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/language-identifier")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/lib-htmlunit")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/lib-http")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/lib-nekohtml")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/lib-rabbitmq")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/lib-regex-filter")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/lib-selenium")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/lib-xml")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/microformats-reltag")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/mimetype-filter")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/nutch-extensionpoints")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/parse-ext")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/parse-html")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/parse-js")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/parse-metatags")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/parse-swf")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/parse-tika")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/parse-zip")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/parsefilter-debug")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/parsefilter-naivebayes")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/parsefilter-regex")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/protocol-file")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/protocol-foo")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/protocol-ftp")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/protocol-htmlunit")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/protocol-http")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/protocol-httpclient")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/protocol-interactiveselenium")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/protocol-okhttp")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/protocol-selenium")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/publish-rabbitmq")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/scoring-depth")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/scoring-link")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/scoring-metadata")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/scoring-opic")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/scoring-orphan")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/scoring-similarity")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/subcollection")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/tld")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/urlfilter-automaton")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/urlfilter-domain")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/urlfilter-domaindenylist")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/urlfilter-fast")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/urlfilter-ignoreexempt")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/urlfilter-prefix")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/urlfilter-regex")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/urlfilter-suffix")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/urlfilter-validator")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/urlmeta")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/urlnormalizer-ajax")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/urlnormalizer-basic")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/urlnormalizer-host")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/urlnormalizer-pass")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/urlnormalizer-protocol")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/urlnormalizer-querystring")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/urlnormalizer-regex")
+// includeBuild("src/plugin/urlnormalizer-slash")
diff --git a/src/java/org/apache/nutch/segment/SegmentMerger.java b/src/java/org/apache/nutch/segment/SegmentMerger.java
index 056df3c882..86e61fee28 100644
--- a/src/java/org/apache/nutch/segment/SegmentMerger.java
+++ b/src/java/org/apache/nutch/segment/SegmentMerger.java
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@
  * <p>
  * Also, it's possible to slice the resulting segment into chunks of fixed size.
  * </p>
- * <h3>Important Notes</h3> <h4>Which parts are merged?</h4>
+ * <h2>Important Notes</h2> <h3>Which parts are merged?</h3>
  * <p>
  * It doesn't make sense to merge data from segments, which are at different
  * stages of processing (e.g. one unfetched segment, one fetched but not parsed,
diff --git a/src/java/org/apache/nutch/tools/arc/ArcRecordReader.java b/src/java/org/apache/nutch/tools/arc/ArcRecordReader.java
index 0a93947e43..b5cf6ae951 100644
--- a/src/java/org/apache/nutch/tools/arc/ArcRecordReader.java
+++ b/src/java/org/apache/nutch/tools/arc/ArcRecordReader.java
@@ -42,9 +42,8 @@
  * Arc files are essentially tars of gzips. Each record in an arc file is a
  * compressed gzip. Multiple records are concatenated together to form a
  * complete arc.</p> 
- * <p>For more information on the arc file format 
- * @see <a href='http://www.archive.org/web/researcher/ArcFileFormat.php'>ArcFileFormat</a>.
- * </p>
+ * <p>For more information on the arc file format </p>
+ * @see <a href='http://www.archive.org/web/researcher/ArcFileFormat.php'>ArcFileFormat</a><p>.</p>
  * 
  * <p>
  * Arc files are used by the internet archive and grub projects.
diff --git a/src/plugin/urlfilter-suffix/src/java/org/apache/nutch/urlfilter/suffix/SuffixURLFilter.java b/src/plugin/urlfilter-suffix/src/java/org/apache/nutch/urlfilter/suffix/SuffixURLFilter.java
index dd8605f792..64885d7e88 100644
--- a/src/plugin/urlfilter-suffix/src/java/org/apache/nutch/urlfilter/suffix/SuffixURLFilter.java
+++ b/src/plugin/urlfilter-suffix/src/java/org/apache/nutch/urlfilter/suffix/SuffixURLFilter.java
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@
  * expressions, it only accepts literal suffixes. I.e. a suffix "+*.jpg" is most
  * probably wrong, you should use "+.jpg" instead.
  * </p>
- * <h3>Example 1</h3>
+ * <h2>Example 1</h2>
  * <p>
  * The configuration shown below will accept all URLs with '.html' or '.htm'
  * suffixes (case-sensitive - '.HTML' or '.HTM' will be rejected), and prohibit
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@
  *  .htm
  * </pre>
  * 
- * <h4>Example 2</h4>
+ * <h3>Example 2</h3>
  * <p>
  * The configuration shown below will accept all URLs except common graphical
  * formats.