feat: Wrap TableScan with Filter in Join Unparsing

[jonathanc-n]

Which issue does this PR close?

Closes #13156 .

Rationale for this change

What changes are included in this PR?

Pushes down filter to tablescan instead of having it apply on the join in unparsing.

Are these changes tested?

Changed the previous test

Are there any user-facing changes?

[goldmedal]

Thanks @jonathanc-n it's very nice 👍. This PR improves the push-down filter unparsing by putting the filter in the where clause.

I have verified this way can trigger the push-down optimization for different join in DataFusion.

-----------------inner join-------------------
###### predicate in filter ######
SQL: select o_orderkey from orders inner join customer on o_custkey = c_custkey where c_name = 'Customer#000000001'
Projection: orders.o_orderkey
  Inner Join: orders.o_custkey = customer.c_custkey
    TableScan: orders projection=[o_orderkey, o_custkey]
    Projection: customer.c_custkey
      Filter: customer.c_name = Utf8View("Customer#000000001")
        TableScan: customer projection=[c_custkey, c_name], partial_filters=[customer.c_name = Utf8View("Customer#000000001")]
-----------------left join-------------------
###### predicate in filter ######
SQL: select o_orderkey from orders left join customer on o_custkey = c_custkey where c_name = 'Customer#000000001'
Projection: orders.o_orderkey
  Inner Join: orders.o_custkey = customer.c_custkey
    TableScan: orders projection=[o_orderkey, o_custkey]
    Projection: customer.c_custkey
      Filter: customer.c_name = Utf8View("Customer#000000001")
        TableScan: customer projection=[c_custkey, c_name], partial_filters=[customer.c_name = Utf8View("Customer#000000001")]
-----------------right join-------------------
###### predicate in filter ######
SQL: select o_orderkey from orders right join customer on o_custkey = c_custkey where c_name = 'Customer#000000001'
Projection: orders.o_orderkey
  Right Join: orders.o_custkey = customer.c_custkey
    TableScan: orders projection=[o_orderkey, o_custkey]
    Projection: customer.c_custkey
      Filter: customer.c_name = Utf8View("Customer#000000001")
        TableScan: customer projection=[c_custkey, c_name], partial_filters=[customer.c_name = Utf8View("Customer#000000001")]
-----------------full join-------------------
###### predicate in filter ######
SQL: select o_orderkey from orders full join customer on o_custkey = c_custkey where c_name = 'Customer#000000001'
Projection: orders.o_orderkey
  Right Join: orders.o_custkey = customer.c_custkey
    TableScan: orders projection=[o_orderkey, o_custkey]
    Projection: customer.c_custkey
      Filter: customer.c_name = Utf8View("Customer#000000001")
        TableScan: customer projection=[c_custkey, c_name], partial_filters=[customer.c_name = Utf8View("Customer#000000001")]

@sgrebnov may want to take a look.

[sgrebnov]

I'm under impression that this change will result in incorrect behavior we were trying to fix here:
#13132.

Filtering after join is not the same as filtering during/before join (I would expect filters should be in subquery during join/ not after). Let me double check this please

[alamb]

Filtering after join is (semantically) the same as filtering before/during joins only for INNER JOIN / JOIN

You are correct that for LEFT/RIGHT/FULL OUTER JOIN and SEMI/ANTI JOIN the rules are more subtle

[sgrebnov]

@jonathanc-n, @goldmedal - thank you, I've reviewed this change and it seems it brings back the following issue (there is additional context of why filtering added this way produces incorrect result) #13132 . I really like the change but can we improve this to see if we can wrap TableScan with Filter as a subquery when it is required

Example query.

Original query / LogicalPlan / Result

select
	c_custkey,
	count(o_orderkey)
from
	customer left join orders on c_custkey = o_custkey and o_comment not like '%special%requests%'
group by
	c_custkey
	

|               |  Projection: customer.c_custkey, count(orders.o_orderkey)                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     |
|               |   Aggregate: groupBy=[[customer.c_custkey]], aggr=[[count(orders.o_orderkey)]]                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                |
|               |     Left Join:  Filter: customer.c_custkey = orders.o_custkey                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
|               |       TableScan: customer projection=[c_custkey]                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |
|               |       TableScan: orders projection=[o_orderkey, o_custkey], full_filters=[orders.o_comment NOT LIKE Utf8("%special%requests%")]  

Result:

1489	29
1269	0
652	24
273	0
51	0
...

Existing unparser (main)

select
	"customer"."c_custkey",
	count("orders"."o_orderkey")
from
	"customer"
left join "orders" on
	(("customer"."c_custkey" = "orders"."o_custkey")
		and "orders"."o_comment" not like '%special%requests%')
group by
	"customer"."c_custkey"

Result:

1489	29
1269	0
652	24
273	0
51	0
...

Proposed change

select
	"customer"."c_custkey",
	count("orders"."o_orderkey")
from
	"customer"
left join "orders" on
	("customer"."c_custkey" = "orders"."o_custkey")
where
	"orders"."o_comment" not like '%special%requests%'
group by
	"customer"."c_custkey"

Result

1489	29
652	24
1091	1
70	15
839	14

If intent for filter to be moved it must be wrapped as subquery in this case:

select
	c_custkey,
	count(o_orderkey)
from
	customer left join (select * from orders where o_comment not like '%special%requests%') on c_custkey = o_custkey
group by
	c_custkey

Result

1489	29
1269	0
652	24
273	0
51	0