[#30703][prism] Update logging handling

[lostluck]

• Migrate the SDK to consistently use "log/slog" since we've moved to Go 1.21 as base.
• Improve SDK side logging: logs should be emitted to the prism process at least.
  • TODO in separate PR: Check that Prism is outputting to stderr for local Java and Python execution.
  • Improve the format, clarify the log source for SDK logs. Better field grouping.
  • Include SDK sourced Custom Data structured logging fields if present.
• Improve Prism's ability to debug issues in the Docker image
  • Print the Docker log when an unexpected context cancellation occurs.
  • Add new debug print when we're unable to copy the Google Auth file to the container.
• Standalone Prism logging improvements:
• New flag "log_kind" which sets the log formatting, to one of "json", "text", and "dev". "dev" is the default.
  • "dev" uses the zero dependency "github.com/golang-cz/devslog" package to format console logs instead of the default slog behavior.
  • Adds colour and better structure, more suitable for development uses.
• New flag "debug" which sets the log level for the Prism binary to Debug, printing all the various debuging prints. Intended for Core SDK developers and Prism developers.
  • Enables Source file lines for prism locations.
• Improve plumbing of a logger through a job. This work is ongoing, eg. TODO: element manager.
• Various minor improvements to logging messages, to wrap with slog.Attrs to reduce allocations.

New Development console logs.

SDK side Errors:

Prism Debug prints:

Exact colours will vary on your Terminal configuration.

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[lostluck]

R: @byronellis @damondouglas

This is a smaller change than it looks, it only touches so many files because of the swap to the Standard Library slog package. Otherwise most files can be reviewed independently.

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[damondouglas]

LGTM