Add support for partitions to postgresql_table

[SiL3x]

SUMMARY

For larger databases it would be a nice improvement to be able to manage partitioned tables and partitions using the postgresql_table module.
Managing in this context includes (but is not limited to):

• Creating partitioned tables
• Attach & detach partitions

ISSUE TYPE

• Feature Idea

COMPONENT NAME

postgresql_table

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

• This feature would be used while creating tables (see below for two ideas).
• The ability to create and manage partitioned tables is important to work with big tables.

- name: Create test_table with several columns and partitioned by date range
  community.postgresql.postgresql_table:
    name: test_table
    columns:
    - id bigserial primary key
    - num bigint
    - date date
    partition: range (date)

- name: Create test_table_2022 with several columns and attach it to test_table
  community.postgresql.postgresql_table:
    name: test_table
    columns:
    - id bigserial primary key
    - num bigint
    - date date
    partition: of test_table for values from ('2022-01-01') to ('2023-01-01')

[hunleyd]

Thinking about this a bit, I think there's a few new keys we might want:

partition_by: range, list, or hash
partition_on: <column>
partition_of: <parent table>

That should make validating the input for each easier I think