diff --git a/builder/builder-next/adapters/snapshot/layer.go b/builder/builder-next/adapters/snapshot/layer.go
index ed13def16fdee..e7724d20102f5 100644
--- a/builder/builder-next/adapters/snapshot/layer.go
+++ b/builder/builder-next/adapters/snapshot/layer.go
@@ -22,6 +22,9 @@ func (s *snapshotter) GetDiffIDs(ctx context.Context, key string) ([]layer.DiffI
 }
 
 func (s *snapshotter) EnsureLayer(ctx context.Context, key string) ([]layer.DiffID, error) {
+	s.layerCreateLocker.Lock(key)
+	defer s.layerCreateLocker.Unlock(key)
+
 	diffIDs, err := s.GetDiffIDs(ctx, key)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
diff --git a/builder/builder-next/adapters/snapshot/snapshot.go b/builder/builder-next/adapters/snapshot/snapshot.go
index 656c79ec20bfd..8f8df8f06be16 100644
--- a/builder/builder-next/adapters/snapshot/snapshot.go
+++ b/builder/builder-next/adapters/snapshot/snapshot.go
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/docker/docker/pkg/idtools"
 	"github.com/moby/buildkit/identity"
 	"github.com/moby/buildkit/snapshot"
+	"github.com/moby/locker"
 	"github.com/opencontainers/go-digest"
 	"github.com/pkg/errors"
 	bolt "go.etcd.io/bbolt"
@@ -48,10 +49,11 @@ type checksumCalculator interface {
 type snapshotter struct {
 	opt Opt
 
-	refs map[string]layer.Layer
-	db   *bolt.DB
-	mu   sync.Mutex
-	reg  graphIDRegistrar
+	refs              map[string]layer.Layer
+	db                *bolt.DB
+	mu                sync.Mutex
+	reg               graphIDRegistrar
+	layerCreateLocker *locker.Locker
 }
 
 // NewSnapshotter creates a new snapshotter
@@ -68,10 +70,11 @@ func NewSnapshotter(opt Opt, prevLM leases.Manager) (snapshot.Snapshotter, lease
 	}
 
 	s := &snapshotter{
-		opt:  opt,
-		db:   db,
-		refs: map[string]layer.Layer{},
-		reg:  reg,
+		opt:               opt,
+		db:                db,
+		refs:              map[string]layer.Layer{},
+		reg:               reg,
+		layerCreateLocker: locker.New(),
 	}
 
 	lm := newLeaseManager(s, prevLM)