knb-lter-nes.4.3.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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  <dataset>
    <title>Dissolved inorganic nutrients from NES-LTER Transect cruises, including 4 macro-nutrients from water column bottle samples, ongoing since 2017</title>
    <creator>
      <individualName>
        <givenName>Heidi</givenName>
        <givenName>M</givenName>
        <surName>Sosik</surName>
      </individualName>
      <organizationName>Northeast U.S. Shelf LTER</organizationName>
      <electronicMailAddress>hsosik@whoi.edu</electronicMailAddress>
      <userId directory="https://orcid.org">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4591-2842</userId>
    </creator>
    <creator>
      <individualName>
        <givenName>E. Taylor</givenName>
        <surName>Crockford</surName>
      </individualName>
      <organizationName>Northeast U.S. Shelf LTER</organizationName>
      <electronicMailAddress>ecrockford@whoi.edu</electronicMailAddress>
    </creator>
    <creator>
      <individualName>
        <givenName>Emily</givenName>
        <surName>Peacock</surName>
      </individualName>
      <organizationName>Northeast U.S. Shelf LTER</organizationName>
      <electronicMailAddress>epeacock@whoi.edu</electronicMailAddress>
    </creator>
    <creator>
      <individualName>
        <surName>OOI CGSN Data Team</surName>
      </individualName>
      <organizationName>Ocean Observatories Initiative</organizationName>
      <electronicMailAddress>help@oceanobservatories.org</electronicMailAddress>
    </creator>
    <associatedParty>
      <individualName>
        <givenName>Joe</givenName>
        <surName>Futrelle</surName>
      </individualName>
      <organizationName>Northeast U.S. Shelf LTER</organizationName>
      <electronicMailAddress>jfutrelle@whoi.edu</electronicMailAddress>
      <userId directory="https://orcid.org">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4537-5853</userId>
      <role>softwareDeveloper</role>
    </associatedParty>
    <pubDate>2024-10-07</pubDate>
    <abstract>
      <para>Dissolved inorganic nutrients are measured from water column bottle
samples taken on NES-LTER Transect cruises (ongoing since 2017) and
include nitrate + nitrite, ammonium, silicate, and phosphate. Sampling
frequency is approximately seasonal. Samples were filtered, frozen, then
processed at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution's Nutrient
Analytical Facility. Each sample may have up to 2 replicates, indicated
by a or b in the data table. These macro-nutrients are analyzed in
seawater using a colorimetric assay in which light absorbance is
measured versus known standards, and final concentrations are calculated
in micromole per liter. Some of the data are from cruises in collaboration with the Ocean Observatories Initiative (OOI).
</para>
    </abstract>
    <keywordSet>
      <keyword>inorganic matter</keyword>
      <keywordThesaurus>LTER Core Research Areas</keywordThesaurus>
    </keywordSet>
    <keywordSet>
      <keyword>chemistry</keyword>
      <keyword>oceanography</keyword>
      <keyword>seawater</keyword>
      <keyword>nutrients</keyword>
      <keyword>dissolved nutrients</keyword>
      <keyword>inorganic nutrients</keyword>
      <keyword>ammonium</keyword>
      <keyword>nitrate</keyword>
      <keyword>nitrite</keyword>
      <keyword>phosphate</keyword>
      <keywordThesaurus>LTER Controlled Vocabulary</keywordThesaurus>
    </keywordSet>
    <keywordSet>
      <keyword>Silicate</keyword>
      <keywordThesaurus>Global Change Master Directory (GCMD)</keywordThesaurus>
    </keywordSet>
    <additionalInfo>
      <para>This data package includes data from MIT-WHOI Joint Program (JP) cruises
funded by WHOI Academic Programs Office, with Chief Scientists Glen
Gawarkiewicz (AR22 and AR38) and Joel Llopiz (AR32). We'd like to thank
the Ocean Observatories Initiative (OOI) for collaboration on other
cruises on R/V Neil Armstrong included in this package.</para>
      <para>Special thanks to Paul Henderson at the WHOI Nutrient Analytical
Facility for analyzing the samples collected for this data package.
</para>
    </additionalInfo>
    <intellectualRights>
      <para>This data package is released to the "public domain" under Creative Commons CC0 1.0 "No Rights Reserved" (see: https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/). It is considered professional etiquette to provide attribution of the original work if this data package is shared in whole or by individual components. A generic citation is provided for this data package on the website https://portal.edirepository.org (herein "website") in the summary metadata page. Communication (and collaboration) with the creators of this data package is recommended to prevent duplicate research or publication. This data package (and its components) is made available "as is" and with no warranty of accuracy or fitness for use. The creators of this data package and the website shall not be liable for any damages resulting from misinterpretation or misuse of the data package or its components. For those data identified in the data table from the Ocean Observatories Initiative (OOI), see the Limitation of Liability and Disclaimer in the OOI User Terms and Conditions (https://oceanobservatories.org/how-to-use-acknowledge-and-cite-data/). Periodic updates of this data package may be available from the website. Thank you.
</para>
    </intellectualRights>
    <coverage>
      <geographicCoverage>
        <geographicDescription>NES-LTER Transect</geographicDescription>
        <boundingCoordinates>
          <westBoundingCoordinate>-71.1032</westBoundingCoordinate>
          <eastBoundingCoordinate>-70.3445</eastBoundingCoordinate>
          <northBoundingCoordinate>41.36</northBoundingCoordinate>
          <southBoundingCoordinate>39.7551</southBoundingCoordinate>
        </boundingCoordinates>
      </geographicCoverage>
      <temporalCoverage>
        <rangeOfDates>
          <beginDate>
            <calendarDate>2017-09-02</calendarDate>
          </beginDate>
          <endDate>
            <calendarDate>2024-05-08</calendarDate>
          </endDate>
        </rangeOfDates>
      </temporalCoverage>
    </coverage>
    <maintenance>
      <description>ongoing</description>
    </maintenance>
    <contact>
      <organizationName>Northeast U.S. Shelf LTER</organizationName>
      <positionName>Nes-Lter Information Manager</positionName>
      <electronicMailAddress>lter-nes-info@whoi.edu</electronicMailAddress>
    </contact>
    <methods>
      <methodStep>
        <description>
          <markdown>Three projects, NES-LTER, Ocean Observatories Initiative (OOI), and MIT-WHOI Joint Program (JP), provide dissolved inorganic nutrient data from CTD rosette bottle and bucket sampling on NES-LTER Transect cruises. Methods are the same across the three projects.&#13;
&#13;
From 2017 through 2022, spring and fall sample collection typically occurred on cruises funded and operated by the Ocean Observatories Initiative (OOI). These cruises are identified with the project_id OOI, and they include data collected for both the NES-LTER and OOI projects. Please note that OOI data are included here as a convenience to researchers wishing to use the data from both projects, and that the authoritative source for OOI data is the OOI Alfresco document server for Cruise Data from the Coastal Pioneer NES Array (https://alfresco.oceanobservatories.org/).&#13;
&#13;
MIT-WHOI Joint Program (JP) cruises (AR22, AR32, and AR38) are funded by WHOI Academic Programs Office.&#13;
&#13;
# CTD Rosette Bottle and Bucket Sampling on NES-LTER cruises&#13;
&#13;
Samples were collected from the water column at multiple depths using Niskin bottles on a CTD rosette system. Some samples were collected at the surface with a bucket.&#13;
&#13;
# Nutrient Filtering Protocol&#13;
&#13;
Prior to 2018, and for bucket samples: Wearing nitrile gloves, collect water from the Niskin or bucket with a clean bottle that is rinsed 3 times with the sample water. Rinse the full length of a 60 ml syringe with a small volume of sample water 3 times.&#13;
Completely fill syringe with sample water and force 60 ml through a EMD Millipore sterile Sterivex 0.22 um filter. Then refill the syringe.&#13;
&#13;
2018 to present: Wearing nitrile gloves, connect AcroPak 200 Capsule with Super Membrane 0.2 um filter with barb and tubing to Niskin spigot and fill with water. Rinse filter with 3 times the volume of the filter. Then refill the filter.&#13;
&#13;
All samples: Then, without touching filter to sample vial (acid-washed 20-ml scintillation vial), rinse sample vial with 5 ml of filtered water 3 times. For each rinse, replace the cap and shake vigorously. Filter 17 ml of sample directly into the sample vial and replace the cap and proceed to the next sample. Store samples in a -20 deg C freezer and keep frozen until analysis. If applicable, flush AcroPak filter with Milli-Q water and refrigerate for use on next cast (AcroPak filter may process up to 20 liters).&#13;
&#13;
# WHOI Nutrient Facility Nutrient Analysis&#13;
&#13;
Samples are stored at -20 degrees C until submitted to the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution's Nutrient Analytical Facility&#13;
(https://web.whoi.edu/nutrient/) which operates a four-channel segmented flow SEAL AA3 HR Autoanalyzer. Duplicates and spiked additions are run for quality control. Standards are made daily and Certified Reference material is run daily to ensure the standards and/or reagents are good. If the samples fall outside of the duplicate or spike addition quality&#13;
control they are rerun until they fall within quality control parameters. Precision is 0.001 micromoles per liter. Please refer to the Facility's website for current detection limits which are different depending on the nutrient.&#13;
&#13;
# Nutrient Data Cleaning&#13;
&#13;
The data table is made by concatenating cruises called from the REST API of the NES-LTER data system. All Below Detection Limit values are set to zero. Nearest station is calculated based on the station location on the date of sample collection. Station locations have been consistent over the course of the project with the following exceptions: Station L5 was shifted 1 nautical mile due south during the first year of the project, in July 2018 for cruise EN617, and has remained there since. Stations L7, L8, and L9 were shifted at the start of 2023 (after the removal of the OOI Pioneer Array), moving L8 west to the main line and evenly spacing L7 and L9 along the main line.  &#13;
&#13;
Data assembly, cleaning, and metadata template assembly are performed in R Markdown. Additional nutrients data for Ocean Observatories Initiative (OOI) cruises on R/V Neil Armstrong are available from the OOI Alfresco document server (Coastal Pioneer NES Array \&gt; Cruise Data \&gt; select a cruise \&gt; Ship Data \&gt; Water Sampling). Further documentation can be found on GitHub, at&#13;
https://github.com/WHOIGit/nes-lter-nutrient-transect.&#13;
&#13;
# Quality Assurance&#13;
&#13;
We assured that the geographic and temporal coverage of the clean data table are within expected ranges. No values changed as compared to the previous version of this data package. For each nutrient we checked differences between replicates, visually inspected plotted values, and performed a range check.&#13;
&#13;
For published version 3, preliminary quality flags were assigned to the data. Automated code was used each nutrient type individually to check for differences between replicates. Quality is indicated in the data table with IODE Primary Level flags: 1 good; 2 not evaluated, not available or unknown; 3 questionable/suspect; 4 bad; 9 missing data. [See IODE Ocean Data Standards recommendation here: https://www.iode.org/index.php?option=com_oe&amp;task=viewDocumentRecord&amp;docID=10762] Thresholds for flag 3 and 4 were set for each nutrient type, and if poor replication was above a threshold, both replicates received the same flag of 3 or 4. It is possible one replicate is good, and future versions of the package will include manual checking to assess the automated flagging and apply appropriate flagging quality control. Due to the preliminary nature of the current flagging scheme, no data have been removed from the data set at this time. Future manually checked versions of flagging will possibly replace values with NA. &#13;
&#13;
# Differences from Previous Version&#13;
&#13;
In version 3, in addition to the flagging changes described above, 2,650 rows have been added. These include data from 28 additional OOI and NES-LTER cruises as well as OOI samples from cruises that previously included only LTER samples. collected Depth in all rows has been rounded to one decimal place. &#13;
&#13;
# Related Data Sets&#13;
&#13;
Additional discrete nutrient data from NES-LTER cruises EN608, EN627, and EN644:&#13;
Jenkins, B. D., Bertin, M. (2021) Pseudo-nitzschia spp. cell counts, nutrients water temperature and salinity, and concentrations of the toxin domoic acid from weekly samples and offshore cruises with the Northeast U.S. Shelf (NES) Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER). Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). (Version 1) Version Date 2021-04-05. doi:10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.847448.1 [2024-07-24]&#13;
&#13;
Additional discrete nutrient data from cross-shelf transects in April 2018, May 2019, and July 2019 from Shelfbreak Productivity Interdisciplinary Research Operation at the Pioneer Array (SPIROPA) project. &#13;
https://www.bco-dmo.org/project/748894&#13;
&#13;
Additional discrete nutrient data from the Martha's Vineyard Coastal Observatory:&#13;
Sosik, H.M., E. Crockford, and E. Peacock. 2022. Dissolved inorganic nutrients from the Martha's Vineyard Coastal Observatory (MVCO), including 4 macro-nutrients from water column bottle samples, ongoing since 2003 (NES-LTER since 2017) ver 3. Environmental Data Initiative. https://doi.org/10.6073/pasta/ca34be7554ddc67c9fa0f8dea01f375b (Accessed 2024-07-24).</markdown>
        </description>
      </methodStep>
    </methods>
    <project>
      <title>LTER: Scales of Variability in Ecosystem Dynamics and Production on the Changing Northeast U.S. Shelf (NES II)</title>
      <personnel>
        <individualName>
          <givenName>Heidi</givenName>
          <surName>Sosik</surName>
        </individualName>
        <electronicMailAddress>hsosik@whoi.edu</electronicMailAddress>
        <userId directory="https://orcid.org">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4591-2842</userId>
        <role>Principal Investigator</role>
      </personnel>
      <personnel>
        <individualName>
          <givenName>Changsheng</givenName>
          <surName>Chen</surName>
        </individualName>
        <electronicMailAddress>c1chen@umassd.edu</electronicMailAddress>
        <userId directory="https://orcid.org">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8715-6101</userId>
        <role>Co-Principal Investigator</role>
      </personnel>
      <personnel>
        <individualName>
          <givenName>Rubao</givenName>
          <surName>Ji</surName>
        </individualName>
        <electronicMailAddress>rji@whoi.edu</electronicMailAddress>
        <userId directory="https://orcid.org">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8839-5427</userId>
        <role>Co-Principal Investigator</role>
      </personnel>
      <personnel>
        <individualName>
          <givenName>Joel</givenName>
          <surName>Llopiz</surName>
        </individualName>
        <electronicMailAddress>jllopiz@whoi.edu</electronicMailAddress>
        <userId directory="https://orcid.org">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7584-7471</userId>
        <role>Co-Principal Investigator</role>
      </personnel>
      <personnel>
        <individualName>
          <givenName>Susanne</givenName>
          <surName>Menden-Deuer</surName>
        </individualName>
        <electronicMailAddress>smenden@uri.edu</electronicMailAddress>
        <userId directory="https://orcid.org">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8434-4251</userId>
        <role>Co-Principal Investigator</role>
      </personnel>
      <personnel>
        <individualName>
          <givenName>Michael</givenName>
          <surName>Neubert</surName>
        </individualName>
        <electronicMailAddress>mneubert@whoi.edu</electronicMailAddress>
        <userId directory="https://orcid.org">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8820-5008</userId>
        <role>Co-Principal Investigator</role>
      </personnel>
      <personnel>
        <individualName>
          <givenName>Tatiana</givenName>
          <surName>Rynearson</surName>
        </individualName>
        <electronicMailAddress>rynearson@uri.edu</electronicMailAddress>
        <userId directory="https://orcid.org">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2951-0066</userId>
        <role>Co-Principal Investigator</role>
      </personnel>
      <personnel>
        <individualName>
          <givenName>Mei</givenName>
          <surName>Sato</surName>
        </individualName>
        <electronicMailAddress>msato@whoi.edu</electronicMailAddress>
        <userId directory="https://orcid.org">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4860-2476</userId>
        <role>Co-Principal Investigator</role>
      </personnel>
      <personnel>
        <individualName>
          <givenName>Rachel</givenName>
          <surName>Stanley</surName>
        </individualName>
        <electronicMailAddress>rstanle2@wellesley.edu</electronicMailAddress>
        <userId directory="https://orcid.org">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4860-2476</userId>
        <role>Co-Principal Investigator</role>
      </personnel>
      <personnel>
        <individualName>
          <givenName>Weifeng</givenName>
          <surName>Zhang</surName>
        </individualName>
        <electronicMailAddress>wzhang@whoi.edu</electronicMailAddress>
        <userId directory="https://orcid.org">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2819-1780</userId>
        <role>Co-Principal Investigator</role>
      </personnel>
      <abstract>
        <para>The Northeast U.S. Shelf (NES) Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) project integrates observations, experiments, and models to understand and predict how planktonic food webs are changing, and how those changes impact the productivity of higher trophic levels. The NES-LTER is co-located with the Northeast U.S. Continental Shelf Large Marine Ecosystem, spanning the Middle Atlantic Bight and Gulf of Maine. Our focal cross-shelf transect extends about 150 km southward from Martha’s Vineyard, MA, to just beyond the shelf break. Our overarching question is: How is climate change impacting the pelagic NES ecosystem and, in particular, affecting the relationship between compositional (e.g., species diversity and size structure) and aggregate (e.g., rates of primary production, and transfer of energy to important forage fish species) variability?</para>
      </abstract>
      <funding>
        <para>NSF Award OCE-2322676</para>
      </funding>
      <relatedProject>
        <title>LTER: Linking Pelagic Community Structure with Ecosystem Dynamics and Production Regimes on the Changing Northeast US Shelf (NES I)</title>
        <personnel>
          <individualName>
            <givenName>Heidi</givenName>
            <surName>Sosik</surName>
          </individualName>
          <electronicMailAddress>hsosik@whoi.edu</electronicMailAddress>
          <userId directory="https://orcid.org">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4591-2842</userId>
          <role>Principal Investigator</role>
        </personnel>
        <funding>NSF Award OCE-1655686</funding>
      </relatedProject>
      <relatedProject>
        <title>RAPID: Collaborative Research: Autumn transition in plankton ecology during an ocean heatwave on the Northeast U.S. Shelf</title>
        <personnel>
          <individualName>
            <givenName>Heidi</givenName>
            <surName>Sosik</surName>
          </individualName>
          <electronicMailAddress>hsosik@whoi.edu</electronicMailAddress>
          <userId directory="https://orcid.org">0000-0002-4591-2842</userId>
          <role>Principal Investigator</role>
        </personnel>
        <award>
          <funderName>National Science Foundation</funderName>
          <awardNumber>NSF Award OCE-210243</awardNumber>
          <title>RAPID: Collaborative Research: Autumn transition in plankton ecology during an ocean heatwave on the Northeast U.S. Shelf</title>
        </award>
      </relatedProject>
      <relatedProject>
        <title>Management and Operation of the Ocean Observatories Initiative (OOI)</title>
        <personnel>
          <individualName>
            <givenName>James</givenName>
            <surName>Edson</surName>
          </individualName>
          <electronicMailAddress>jedson@whoi.edu</electronicMailAddress>
          <userId directory="https://orcid.org">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8777-031X</userId>
          <role>Principal Investigator</role>
        </personnel>
        <funding>NSF Award OCE-1743430</funding>
      </relatedProject>
    </project>
    <dataTable>
      <entityName>nes-lter-nutrient-transect</entityName>
      <entityDescription>Dissolved inorganic nutrients from water column bottle samples taken on NES-LTER Transect cruises</entityDescription>
      <physical>
        <objectName>nes-lter-nutrient-transect.csv</objectName>
        <size unit="bytes">433317</size>
        <authentication method="MD5">1bf91e1ec3021c4fff37b24f3248be04</authentication>
        <dataFormat>
          <textFormat>
            <numHeaderLines>1</numHeaderLines>
            <recordDelimiter>\r\n</recordDelimiter>
            <attributeOrientation>column</attributeOrientation>
            <simpleDelimited>
              <fieldDelimiter>,</fieldDelimiter>
            </simpleDelimited>
          </textFormat>
        </dataFormat>
      </physical>
      <attributeList>
        <attribute>
          <attributeName>cruise</attributeName>
          <attributeDefinition>Identifier for research cruise generally including abbreviation for research vessel and voyage number</attributeDefinition>
          <storageType>string</storageType>
          <measurementScale>
            <nominal>
              <nonNumericDomain>
                <textDomain>
                  <definition>Identifier for research cruise generally including abbreviation for research vessel and voyage number</definition>
                </textDomain>
              </nonNumericDomain>
            </nominal>
          </measurementScale>
        </attribute>
        <attribute>
          <attributeName>cast</attributeName>
          <attributeDefinition>CTD rosette cast number chronological per cruise</attributeDefinition>
          <storageType>float</storageType>
          <measurementScale>
            <ratio>
              <unit>
                <standardUnit>dimensionless</standardUnit>
              </unit>
              <numericDomain>
                <numberType>whole</numberType>
                <bounds>
                  <minimum exclusive="false">0</minimum>
                  <maximum exclusive="false">45</maximum>
                </bounds>
              </numericDomain>
            </ratio>
          </measurementScale>
          <missingValueCode>
            <code>NaN</code>
            <codeExplanation>Missing value</codeExplanation>
          </missingValueCode>
        </attribute>
        <attribute>
          <attributeName>niskin</attributeName>
          <attributeDefinition>Rosette bottle position number</attributeDefinition>
          <storageType>float</storageType>
          <measurementScale>
            <ratio>
              <unit>
                <standardUnit>dimensionless</standardUnit>
              </unit>
              <numericDomain>
                <numberType>whole</numberType>
                <bounds>
                  <minimum exclusive="false">0</minimum>
                  <maximum exclusive="false">24</maximum>
                </bounds>
              </numericDomain>
            </ratio>
          </measurementScale>
          <missingValueCode>
            <code>NaN</code>
            <codeExplanation>Missing value</codeExplanation>
          </missingValueCode>
        </attribute>
        <attribute>
          <attributeName>date</attributeName>
          <attributeDefinition>Date and time in UTC when rosette bottle closed</attributeDefinition>
          <storageType>date</storageType>
          <measurementScale>
            <dateTime>
              <formatString>YYYY-MM-DD hh:mm:ss</formatString>
              <dateTimeDomain/>
            </dateTime>
          </measurementScale>
        </attribute>
        <attribute>
          <attributeName>latitude</attributeName>
          <attributeDefinition>Ship's latitude when rosette bottle closed</attributeDefinition>
          <storageType>float</storageType>
          <measurementScale>
            <ratio>
              <unit>
                <standardUnit>degree</standardUnit>
              </unit>
              <numericDomain>
                <numberType>real</numberType>
                <bounds>
                  <minimum exclusive="false">39.7551</minimum>
                  <maximum exclusive="false">41.36</maximum>
                </bounds>
              </numericDomain>
            </ratio>
          </measurementScale>
          <missingValueCode>
            <code>NaN</code>
            <codeExplanation>Missing value</codeExplanation>
          </missingValueCode>
        </attribute>
        <attribute>
          <attributeName>longitude</attributeName>
          <attributeDefinition>Ship's longitude when rosette bottle closed</attributeDefinition>
          <storageType>float</storageType>
          <measurementScale>
            <ratio>
              <unit>
                <standardUnit>degree</standardUnit>
              </unit>
              <numericDomain>
                <numberType>real</numberType>
                <bounds>
                  <minimum exclusive="false">-71.1032</minimum>
                  <maximum exclusive="false">-70.3445</maximum>
                </bounds>
              </numericDomain>
            </ratio>
          </measurementScale>
          <missingValueCode>
            <code>NaN</code>
            <codeExplanation>Missing value</codeExplanation>
          </missingValueCode>
        </attribute>
        <attribute>
          <attributeName>depth</attributeName>
          <attributeDefinition>Depth of sample below sea surface. URI http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P09/current/DEPH/</attributeDefinition>
          <storageType>float</storageType>
          <measurementScale>
            <ratio>
              <unit>
                <standardUnit>meter</standardUnit>
              </unit>
              <numericDomain>
                <numberType>real</numberType>
                <bounds>
                  <minimum exclusive="false">0</minimum>
                  <maximum exclusive="false">1000.6</maximum>
                </bounds>
              </numericDomain>
            </ratio>
          </measurementScale>
          <missingValueCode>
            <code>NaN</code>
            <codeExplanation>Missing value</codeExplanation>
          </missingValueCode>
        </attribute>
        <attribute>
          <attributeName>sample_id</attributeName>
          <attributeDefinition>Identifier for subsample drawn from rosette bottle</attributeDefinition>
          <storageType>float</storageType>
          <measurementScale>
            <ratio>
              <unit>
                <standardUnit>dimensionless</standardUnit>
              </unit>
              <numericDomain>
                <numberType>natural</numberType>
                <bounds>
                  <minimum exclusive="false">7</minimum>
                  <maximum exclusive="false">4609</maximum>
                </bounds>
              </numericDomain>
            </ratio>
          </measurementScale>
          <missingValueCode>
            <code>NaN</code>
            <codeExplanation>Missing value</codeExplanation>
          </missingValueCode>
        </attribute>
        <attribute>
          <attributeName>replicate</attributeName>
          <attributeDefinition>Lowercase letter indicating replicate subsample drawn from the same rosette bottle</attributeDefinition>
          <storageType>string</storageType>
          <measurementScale>
            <nominal>
              <nonNumericDomain>
                <textDomain>
                  <definition>Lowercase letter indicating replicate subsample drawn from the same rosette bottle</definition>
                </textDomain>
              </nonNumericDomain>
            </nominal>
          </measurementScale>
        </attribute>
        <attribute>
          <attributeName>nitrate_nitrite</attributeName>
          <attributeDefinition>Nitrate+nitrite concentration in the water column http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P02/current/NTRA/</attributeDefinition>
          <storageType>float</storageType>
          <measurementScale>
            <ratio>
              <unit>
                <standardUnit>micromolePerLiter</standardUnit>
              </unit>
              <numericDomain>
                <numberType>real</numberType>
                <bounds>
                  <minimum exclusive="false">0</minimum>
                  <maximum exclusive="false">27.321</maximum>
                </bounds>
              </numericDomain>
            </ratio>
          </measurementScale>
          <missingValueCode>
            <code>NaN</code>
            <codeExplanation>Missing value</codeExplanation>
          </missingValueCode>
        </attribute>
        <attribute>
          <attributeName>ammonium</attributeName>
          <attributeDefinition>Ammonium concentration in the water column http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P02/current/AMON/</attributeDefinition>
          <storageType>float</storageType>
          <measurementScale>
            <ratio>
              <unit>
                <standardUnit>micromolePerLiter</standardUnit>
              </unit>
              <numericDomain>
                <numberType>real</numberType>
                <bounds>
                  <minimum exclusive="false">0</minimum>
                  <maximum exclusive="false">7.658</maximum>
                </bounds>
              </numericDomain>
            </ratio>
          </measurementScale>
          <missingValueCode>
            <code>NaN</code>
            <codeExplanation>Missing value</codeExplanation>
          </missingValueCode>
        </attribute>
        <attribute>
          <attributeName>phosphate</attributeName>
          <attributeDefinition>Phosphate concentration in the water column http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P02/current/PHOS/</attributeDefinition>
          <storageType>float</storageType>
          <measurementScale>
            <ratio>
              <unit>
                <standardUnit>micromolePerLiter</standardUnit>
              </unit>
              <numericDomain>
                <numberType>real</numberType>
                <bounds>
                  <minimum exclusive="false">0</minimum>
                  <maximum exclusive="false">2.066</maximum>
                </bounds>
              </numericDomain>
            </ratio>
          </measurementScale>
          <missingValueCode>
            <code>NaN</code>
            <codeExplanation>Missing value</codeExplanation>
          </missingValueCode>
        </attribute>
        <attribute>
          <attributeName>silicate</attributeName>
          <attributeDefinition>Silicate concentration in the water column http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P02/current/SLCA/</attributeDefinition>
          <storageType>float</storageType>
          <measurementScale>
            <ratio>
              <unit>
                <standardUnit>micromolePerLiter</standardUnit>
              </unit>
              <numericDomain>
                <numberType>real</numberType>
                <bounds>
                  <minimum exclusive="false">0</minimum>
                  <maximum exclusive="false">28.767</maximum>
                </bounds>
              </numericDomain>
            </ratio>
          </measurementScale>
          <missingValueCode>
            <code>NaN</code>
            <codeExplanation>Missing value</codeExplanation>
          </missingValueCode>
        </attribute>
        <attribute>
          <attributeName>alternate_sample_id</attributeName>
          <attributeDefinition>Sample identifier for project other than LTER</attributeDefinition>
          <storageType>string</storageType>
          <measurementScale>
            <nominal>
              <nonNumericDomain>
                <textDomain>
                  <definition>Sample identifier for project other than LTER</definition>
                </textDomain>
              </nonNumericDomain>
            </nominal>
          </measurementScale>
        </attribute>
        <attribute>
          <attributeName>project_id</attributeName>
          <attributeDefinition>Identifier for project that funded the cruise (or sample when available)</attributeDefinition>
          <storageType>string</storageType>
          <measurementScale>
            <nominal>
              <nonNumericDomain>
                <enumeratedDomain>
                  <codeDefinition>
                    <code>LTER</code>
                    <definition>Long-Term Ecological Research</definition>
                  </codeDefinition>
                  <codeDefinition>
                    <code>JP</code>
                    <definition>MIT-WHOI Joint Program</definition>
                  </codeDefinition>
                  <codeDefinition>
                    <code>OOI</code>
                    <definition>Ocean Observatories Initiative</definition>
                  </codeDefinition>
                </enumeratedDomain>
              </nonNumericDomain>
            </nominal>
          </measurementScale>
        </attribute>
        <attribute>
          <attributeName>nearest_station</attributeName>
          <attributeDefinition>Nearest station is provided per cruise</attributeDefinition>
          <storageType>string</storageType>
          <measurementScale>
            <nominal>
              <nonNumericDomain>
                <textDomain>
                  <definition>Nearest station is provided per cruise</definition>
                </textDomain>
              </nonNumericDomain>
            </nominal>
          </measurementScale>
        </attribute>
        <attribute>
          <attributeName>station_distance</attributeName>
          <attributeDefinition>Distance from sample location to nearest station</attributeDefinition>
          <storageType>float</storageType>
          <measurementScale>
            <ratio>
              <unit>
                <standardUnit>kilometer</standardUnit>
              </unit>
              <numericDomain>
                <numberType>real</numberType>
                <bounds>
                  <minimum exclusive="false">0</minimum>
                  <maximum exclusive="false">18.798</maximum>
                </bounds>
              </numericDomain>
            </ratio>
          </measurementScale>
          <missingValueCode>
            <code>NaN</code>
            <codeExplanation>Distance to nearest station is greater than 2 km</codeExplanation>
          </missingValueCode>
        </attribute>
      </attributeList>
      <numberOfRecords>4538</numberOfRecords>
    </dataTable>
  </dataset>
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        <release>3.5.5</release>
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