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OS X Cross toolchain for Linux, *BSD and Cygwin

WHAT IS THE GOAL OF OSXCROSS?

The goal of OSXCross is to provide a well working OS X cross toolchain for Linux, *BSD, and Cygwin.

HOW DOES IT WORK?

For cross-compiling for OS X you need

  • the Clang/LLVM compiler
  • the the cctools (ld, lipo, …), and
  • the OSX SDK.

Clang/LLVM is a cross compiler by default and is now available on nearly every Linux distribution, so we just need a proper port of the cctools and the OS X SDK.

OSXCross includes a collection of scripts for preparing the SDK and building the cctools.

It also includes scripts for optionally building

  • Clang using gcc (for the case your distribution does not include it),
  • an up-to-date vanilla GCC as a cross-compiler for target OS X,
  • the "compiler-rt" runtime library, and
  • the llvm-dsymutil tool required for debugging.

WHAT CAN I BUILD WITH IT?

Basically everything you can build on OS X with clang/gcc should build with this cross toolchain as well.

PACKET MANAGERS

OSXCross comes with a minimalistic MacPorts Packet Manager. See README.MACPORTS for more.

INSTALLATION:

Windows/Cygwin users should follow README.CYGWIN.

Move your packaged SDK to the tarballs/ directory.

Then ensure you have the following installed on your system:

Clang 3.2+, patch, libxml2-devel (<=10.6 only) and the bash shell.

You can run 'sudo tools/get_dependencies.sh' to get these (and the optional packages) automatically.

Optional:

  • llvm-devel: For Link Time Optimization support
  • uuid-devel: For ld64 -random_uuid support
  • llvm-devel + xar-devel: For ld64 -bitcode_bundle support

You can find xar here. Do not install libxar-dev on Ubuntu, it's a different package.

Building Clang

OSXCross uses clang as the default compiler for building its tools, and also as a cross-compiler to create OSX binaries.

In clang there is no difference between cross-compilation and native compilation, so OSXCross can use a normal clang install for both. You can use either a clang installation you already have, or build your own from source.

To build and install your own clang from a recent source tree, using gcc, run:

    ./build_clang.sh

This installs clang into /usr/local. If you want to install somewhere else, set the INSTALLPREFIX variable. For example:

    INSTALLPREFIX=/opt/clang ./build_clang.sh

On debian-like systems you can also use llvm.org/apt to get a newer version of clang. But be careful, that repository is known to cause troubles.

Building OSXCross

To build the cross toolchain (using clang), run:

    ./build.sh

Or, set variable UNATTENDED to 1 to skip the prompt and proceed straight to the build:

    UNATTENDED=1 ./build.sh

(This will search 'tarballs' for your SDK and then build in its own directory.)

Once this is done: add <path>/target/bin to your PATH variable so that you can invoke the cross-compiler.

That's it. See usage examples below.

Building GCC:

If you also want to build GCC as a cross-compiler, you can do that by running:

    ./build_gcc.sh

The script lets you select a GCC version by setting the variable GCC_VERSION. By default you get C and C++ compilers, but you can tell the script to build a Fortran compiler as well:

    GCC_VERSION=5.2.0 ENABLE_FORTRAN=1 ./build_gcc.sh

[A gfortran usage example can be found here]

Before you do this, make sure you have the GCC build depedencies installed on your system.

On debian like systems you can install these using:

    sudo apt-get install gcc g++ zlib1g-dev libmpc-dev libmpfr-dev libgmp-dev

ATTENTION:

OSXCross links libgcc and libstdc++ statically by default (this affects -foc-use-gcc-libstdc++ too). You can turn this behavior off with OSXCROSS_GCC_NO_STATIC_RUNTIME=1 (env).

The build also creates aliases *-g++-libc++ which link with the clang implementation of the C++ standard library instead of the GCC version. Don't use these variants unless you know what you're doing.

PACKAGING THE SDK:

Please ensure you have read and understood the Xcode license terms before continuing.

Packaging the SDK on Mac OS X:
  1. [Download Xcode **]
  2. [Mount Xcode.dmg (Open With -> DiskImageMounter) ***]
  3. Run: ./tools/gen_sdk_package.sh (from the OSXCross package)
  4. Copy the packaged SDK (*.tar.* or *.pkg) on a USB Stick
  5. (On Linux/BSD) Copy or move the SDK into the tarballs/ directory of OSXCross.

** Xcode up to 7.3.x is known to work.

*** If you get a dialog with a crossed circle, ignore it. You don't need to install Xcode.

Step 1. and 2. can be skipped if you have Xcode installed.

Packing the SDK on Linux, Method 1 (works up to Xcode 7.3):
  1. Download Xcode like described in 'Packaging the SDK on Mac OS X'
  2. Install cmake, libxml2-dev and fuse
  3. Run ./tools/gen_sdk_package_darling_dmg.sh <xcode>.dmg
  4. Copy or move the SDK into the tarballs/ directory
Packing the SDK on Linux, Cygwin (and others), Method 2 (works up to Xcode 7.2):
  1. Download Xcode like described in 'Packaging the SDK on Mac OS X'
  2. Ensure you have clang and make installed
  3. Run ./tools/gen_sdk_package_p7zip.sh <xcode>.dmg
  4. Copy or move the SDK into the tarballs/ directory
Packing the SDK on Linux, Method 3 (works up to Xcode 4.2):
  1. Download Xcode 4.2 for Snow Leopard
  2. Ensure you are downloading the "Snow Leopard" version
  3. Install dmg2img
  4. Run (as root): ./tools/mount_xcode_image.sh /path/to/xcode.dmg
  5. Follow the instructions printed by ./tools/mount_xcode_image.sh
  6. Copy or move the SDK into the tarballs/ directory

USAGE EXAMPLES:

Example. To compile a file called test.cpp, you can run:

  • Clang:

    • 32 bit: o32-clang++ test.cpp -O3 -o test OR i386-apple-darwinXX-clang++ test.cpp -O3 -o test
    • 64 bit: o64-clang++ test.cpp -O3 -o test OR x86_64-apple-darwinXX-clang++ test.cpp -O3 -o test

  • GCC:

    • 32 bit: o32-g++ test.cpp -O3 -o test OR i386-apple-darwinXX-g++ test.cpp -O3 -o test
    • 64 bit: o64-g++ test.cpp -O3 -o test OR x86_64-apple-darwinXX-g++ test.cpp -O3 -o test

XX= the target version, you can find it out by running osxcross-conf and then see TARGET.

You can use the shortcuts o32-... for i386-apple-darwin..., depending on which you prefer.

I'll continue from here on with o32-clang, but remember, you can simply replace it with o32-gcc or i386-apple-darwin....

Building Makefile based projects:
  • make CC=o32-clang CXX=o32-clang++
Building automake based projects:
  • CC=o32-clang CXX=o32-clang++ ./configure --host=i386-apple-darwinXX
Building test.cpp with libc++:

Note: libc++ requires Mac OS X 10.7 or newer! If you really need C++11 for an older OS X version, then you can do the following:

  1. Build GCC so you have an up-to-date libstdc++
  2. Build your source code with GCC or clang++-gstdc++ / clang++ -foc-use-gcc-libstdc++

Usage Examples:

  • Clang:

    • C++98: o32-clang++ -stdlib=libc++ test.cpp -o test
    • C++11: o32-clang++ -stdlib=libc++ -std=c++11 test1.cpp -o test
    • C++14: o32-clang++ -stdlib=libc++ -std=c++14 test1.cpp -o test
    • C++1z: o32-clang++ -stdlib=libc++ -std=c++1z test1.cpp -o test

  • Clang (shortcut):

    • C++98: o32-clang++-libc++ test.cpp -o test
    • C++11: o32-clang++-libc++ -std=c++11 test.cpp -o test
    • C++14: o32-clang++-libc++ -std=c++14 test.cpp -o test
    • C++1z: o32-clang++-libc++ -std=c++1z test.cpp -o test

  • GCC

    • C++11: o32-g++-libc++ -std=c++11 test.cpp
    • C++14: o32-g++-libc++ -std=c++14 test.cpp -o test
    • C++1z: o32-g++-libc++ -std=c++1z test.cpp -o test
Building test1.cpp and test2.cpp with LTO (Link Time Optimization):
  • build the first object file: o32-clang++ test1.cpp -O3 -flto -c
  • build the second object file: o32-clang++ test2.cpp -O3 -flto -c
  • link them with LTO: o32-clang++ -O3 -flto test1.o test2.o -o test
Building a universal binary:
  • Clang:
    • o64-clang++ test.cpp -O3 -arch i386 -arch x86_64 -o test
  • GCC:
    • build the 32 bit binary: o32-g++ test.cpp -O3 -o test.i386
    • build the 64 bit binary: o64-g++ test.cpp -O3 -o test.x86_64
    • use lipo to generate the universal binary: x86_64-apple darwinXX-lipo -create test.i386 test.x86_64 -output test

DEPLOYMENT TARGET:

The default deployment target is Mac OS X 10.5.

However, there are several ways to override the default value:

  1. by passing OSX_VERSION_MIN=10.x to ./build.sh
  2. by passing -mmacosx-version-min=10.x to the compiler
  3. by setting the MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET environment variable

>= 10.9 also defaults to libc++ instead of libstdc++, this behavior can be overriden by explicitly passing -stdlib=libstdc++ to clang.

x86_64h defaults to Mac OS X 10.8 and requires clang 3.5+. x86_64h = x86_64 with optimizations for the Intel Haswell Architecture.

BUILDING OSXCROSS WITH GCC:

You can build OSXCross with GCC this way:

CC=gcc CXX=g++ ./build.sh

You will need gcc/g++/gcc-objc 4.7+.

PROJECTS USING OSXCROSS:

  • multiarch/crossbuild: various cross-compilers (Systems: Linux, OS X, Windows, Archs: x86_64, i386, arm, ppc, mips) in Docker. OSXCross powers the Darwin builds.
  • Smartmontools

LICENSE:

  • scripts/wrapper: GPLv2
  • cctools/ld64: APSL 2.0
  • xar: New BSD

CREDITS: