Difficult importing Sonnia in Apple M3 Macbook Pro (NO CUDA device found)

[BigBluBruin]

Hi,

My problem is that when importing Sonnia, Python says, "No CUDA device found; using CPU as fallback."

System: MacOS Sonoma 14.4.1
Installed Packages: (followed instructions in https://developer.apple.com/metal/tensorflow-plugin/)

• tensorflow-macos 2.13.0
• tensorflow-metal 1.1.0
• python 3.10.0

The error message is:

Matplotlib is building the font cache; this may take a moment.
No CUDA device found; using CPU as fallback.
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/linfangwang/miniforge3/envs/Sonnia_Py310/lib/python3.10/site-packages/sionna/rt/__init__.py", line 24, in <module>
    mi.set_variant('cuda_ad_rgb')
  File "/Users/linfangwang/miniforge3/envs/Sonnia_Py310/lib/python3.10/site-packages/mitsuba/__init__.py", line 300, in set_variant
    raise ImportError('Requested an unsupported variant "%s". The '
ImportError: Requested an unsupported variant "cuda_ad_rgb". The following variants are available: scalar_rgb, scalar_spectral, llvm_ad_rgb.

The other problem I encountered has been discussed on this page #160

During the handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

>Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/linfangwang/miniforge3/envs/Sonnia_Py310/lib/python3.10/site-packages/mitsuba/__init__.py", line 107, in __getattribute__
    _import('mitsuba.mitsuba_' + variant + '_ext'),
  File "/Users/linfangwang/miniforge3/envs/Sonnia_Py310/lib/python3.10/importlib/__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1050, in _gcd_import
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1027, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1006, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 674, in _load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 571, in module_from_spec
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 1176, in create_module
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 241, in _call_with_frames_removed
ImportError: jit_init_thread_state(): the LLVM backend is inactive because the LLVM shared library ("libLLVM.dylib") could not be found! Set the DRJIT_LIBLLVM_PATH environment variable to specify its path.

>During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

>Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/Users/linfangwang/miniforge3/envs/Sonnia_Py310/lib/python3.10/site-packages/sionna/__init__.py", line 19, in <module>
    from . import rt
  File "/Users/linfangwang/miniforge3/envs/Sonnia_Py310/lib/python3.10/site-packages/sionna/rt/__init__.py", line 27, in <module>
    mi.set_variant('llvm_ad_rgb')
  File "/Users/linfangwang/miniforge3/envs/Sonnia_Py310/lib/python3.10/site-packages/mitsuba/__init__.py", line 317, in set_variant
    _import('mitsuba.ad.integrators')
  File "/Users/linfangwang/miniforge3/envs/Sonnia_Py310/lib/python3.10/importlib/__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
  File "/Users/linfangwang/miniforge3/envs/Sonnia_Py310/lib/python3.10/site-packages/mitsuba/python/ad/__init__.py", line 2, in <module>
    from .integrators import *
  File "/Users/linfangwang/miniforge3/envs/Sonnia_Py310/lib/python3.10/site-packages/mitsuba/python/ad/integrators/__init__.py", line 25, in <module>
    importlib.import_module('mitsuba.ad.integrators.' + name)
  File "/Users/linfangwang/miniforge3/envs/Sonnia_Py310/lib/python3.10/importlib/__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
  File "/Users/linfangwang/miniforge3/envs/Sonnia_Py310/lib/python3.10/site-packages/mitsuba/python/ad/integrators/prbvolpath.py", line 6, in <module>
    from .common import RBIntegrator, mis_weight
  File "/Users/linfangwang/miniforge3/envs/Sonnia_Py310/lib/python3.10/site-packages/mitsuba/python/ad/integrators/common.py", line 8, in <module>
    class ADIntegrator(mi.CppADIntegrator):
  File "/Users/linfangwang/miniforge3/envs/Sonnia_Py310/lib/python3.10/site-packages/mitsuba/__init__.py", line 253, in __getattribute__
    result = module.__getattribute__(key)
  File "/Users/linfangwang/miniforge3/envs/Sonnia_Py310/lib/python3.10/site-packages/mitsuba/__init__.py", line 115, in __getattribute__
    raise AttributeError(e)
AttributeError: jit_init_thread_state(): the LLVM backend is inactive because the LLVM shared library ("libLLVM.dylib") could not be found! Set the DRJIT_LIBLLVM_PATH environment variable to specify its path.
>>> print(sionna.__version__)
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
NameError: name 'sionna' is not defined

[SebastianCa]

Hi @BigBluBruin,
Please be aware that tensorflow-metal currently does not support tf.complex64 data types (see the Troubleshooting Guide for more information). A possible workaround is provided here.

The second part of your issue might be due to a failed Mitsuba import. Could you please try running your code in CPU-only mode as suggested earlier to determine if the problem persists?

[merlinND]

Closing as duplicate of #160
Please follow the instructions discussed there (installing LLVM), and feel free to post in that discussion if the problem is not resolved.