[GA-1509] Great Circle Calculations and NCL Receipt

[cyschneck]

Describe the addition you would like to see.

• gc_aangle: Finds the acute angle between two great circles on the globe.
• gc_clkwise: Tests clockwise/counterclockwise ordering of points on spherical polygon.
• gc_dangle: Finds the directed angle between two great circles having a specified intersection point.
• gc_inout: Determines if a list of lat/lon specified points are inside or outside of spherical lat/lon polygon(s).
• gc_latlon: Finds the great circle distance (true surface distance) between two points on the globe and interpolates points along the great circle.
• gc_onarc: Determines if a point on the globe lies on a specified great circle arc.
• gc_pnt2gc: Finds the angular distance from a point to a great circle.
• gc_qarea: Finds the area of a quadrilateral patch on the unit sphere.
• gc_tarea: Finds the area of a triangular patch on the unit sphere.

Additional Associated Functions

• area_poly_sphere: Calculates the area enclosed by an arbitrary polygon on the sphere ([GA-1594] Great Circle - area_poly_sphere #131)
• csv2s: Converts Cartesian coordinates on a unit sphere to spherical coordinates (lat/lon)
• css2c: Converts spherical coordinates (lat/lon) to Cartesian coordinates on a unit sphere (Great Circle - css2c #151)

Is this a request for something that previously existed in NCL?

Yes

Additional context

Related to NCAR/geocat-comp#31