diff --git a/Package.swift b/Package.swift index e11b7c9..ea8d804 100644 --- a/Package.swift +++ b/Package.swift @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -// swift-tools-version:5.2 +// swift-tools-version:5.4 /** * Plot diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 3e3e218..7286785 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
- + @@ -125,85 +125,202 @@ let html = HTML(.body( This high degree of type safety both results in a really pleasant development experience, and that the HTML and XML documents created using Plot will have a much higher chance of being semantically correct — especially when compared to writing documents and markup using raw strings. -## Defining custom components +## Components -The same context-bound `Node` architecture that gives Plot its high degree of type safety also enables more higher-level components to be defined, which can then be mixed and composed the exact same way as elements defined within Plot itself. +Plot’s `Component` protocol enables you to define and render higher-level components using a very SwiftUI-like API. `Node` and `Component`-based elements can be mixed when creating an HTML document, giving you the flexibility to freely choose which way to implement which part of a website or document. -For example, let’s say that we’re building a news website using Plot, and that we’re rendering `NewsArticle` models in multiple places. Here’s how we could define a reusable `newsArticle` component that’s bound to the context of an HTML document’s `
`: +For example, let’s say that we’re building a news website using Plot, and that we’d like to render news articles in several different places. Here’s how we could define a reusable `NewsArticle` component that in turn uses a series of built-in HTML components to render its UI: ```swift -extension Node where Context: HTML.BodyContext { - static func newsArticle(_ article: NewsArticle) -> Self { - return .article( - .class("news"), - .img(.src(article.imagePath)), - .h1(.text(article.title)), - .span( - .class("description"), - .text(article.description) - ) - ) +struct NewsArticle: Component { + var imagePath: String + var title: String + var description: String + + var body: Component { + Article { + Image(url: imagePath, description: "Header image") + H1(title) + Span(description).class("description") + } + .class("news") } } ``` -With the above in place, we can now render any of our `NewsArticle` models using the exact same syntax as we use for built-in elements: +As the above example shows, modifiers can also be applied to components to set the value of attributes, such as `class` or `id`. + +To then integrate the above component into a `Node`-based hierarchy, we can simply wrap it within a `Node` using the `.component` API, like this: ```swift func newsArticlePage(for article: NewsArticle) -> HTML { return HTML(.body( .div( .class("wrapper"), - .newsArticle(article) + .component(article) ) )) } ``` +You can also directly inline `Node`-based elements within a component’s `body`, which gives you complete freedom to mix and match between the two APIs: + +```swift +struct Banner: Component { + var title: String + var imageURL: URLRepresentable + + var body: Component { + Div { + Node.h2(.text(title)) + Image(imageURL) + } + .class("banner") + } +} +``` + It’s highly recommended that you use the above component-based approach as much as possible when building websites and documents with Plot — as doing so will let you build up a growing library of reusable components, which will most likely accelerate your overall workflow over time. +However, note that the `Component` API can currently only be used to define elements that appear within the `` of an HTML page. For `` elements, or non-HTML elements, the `Node`-based API always has to be used. + +Another important note is that, although Plot has been heavily optimized across the board, `Component`-based elements do require a bit of extra processing compared to `Node`-based ones — so in situations where maximum performance is required, you might want to stick to the `Node`-based API. + +## Using the component environment + +Just like SwiftUI views, Plot components can pass values downwards through a hierarchy using an *environment API*. Once a value has been entered into the environment using an `EnvironmentKey` and the `environmentValue` modifier, it can then be retrieved by defining a property marked with the `@EnvironmentValue` attribute within a `Component` implementation. + +In the following example, the environment API is used to enable a `Page` component to assign a given `class` to all `ActionButton` components that appear within its hierarchy: + +```swift +// We start by defining a custom environment key that can be +// used to enter String values into the environment: +extension EnvironmentKey where Value == String { + static var actionButtonClass: Self { + Self(defaultValue: "action-button") + } +} + +struct Page: Component { + var body: Component { + Div { + InfoView(title: "...", text: "...") + } + // Here we enter a custom action button class + // into the environment, which will apply to + // all child components within our above Div: + .environmentValue("action-button-large", + key: .actionButtonClass + ) + } +} + +// Our info view doesn't have to have any awareness of +// our environment value. Plot will automatically pass +// it down to the action buttons defined below: +struct InfoView: Component { + var title: String + var text: String + + var body: Component { + Div { + H2(title) + Paragraph(text) + ActionButton(title: "OK") + ActionButton(title: "Cancel") + } + .class("info-view") + } +} + +struct ActionButton: Component { + var title: String + + // Here we pick up the current environment value for + // our custom "actionButtonClass" key, which in this + // example will be the value that our "Page" component + // entered into the environment: + @EnvironmentValue(.actionButtonClass) var className + + var body: Component { + Button(title).class(className) + } +} +``` + +Plot also ships with several components that utilize the environment API for customization. For example, you can change the style of all `List` components within a hierarchy using the `listStyle` key/modifier, and the `linkRelationship` key/modifier lets you tweak the `rel` attribute of all `Link` components within a hierarchy. + ## Inline control flow -Since Plot is focused on static site generation, it also ships with several control flow mechanisms that let you inline logic when using its DSL. For example, using the `.if()` command, you can optionally add a node only when a given condition is `true`: +Since Plot is focused on static site generation, it also ships with several control flow mechanisms that let you inline logic when using either its `Node`-based or `Component`-based APIs. For example, using the `.if()` command, you can optionally add a node only when a given condition is `true`, and within a component’s `body`, you can simply inline a regular `if` statement to do the same thing: ```swift let rating: Rating = ... +// When using the Node-based API: let html = HTML(.body( .if(rating.hasEnoughVotes, .span("Average score: \(rating.averageScore)") ) )) + +// When using the Component API: +let html = HTML { + if rating.hasEnoughVotes { + Span("Average score: \(rating.averageScore)") + } +} ``` -You can also attach an `else` clause to the `.if()` command as well, which will act as a fallback node to be displayed when the condition is `false`: +You can also attach an `else` clause to the node-based `.if()` command as well, which will act as a fallback node to be displayed when the command’s condition is `false`. You can also use a standard `else` clause when using the component API: ```swift +// When using the Node-based API: let html = HTML(.body( .if(rating.hasEnoughVotes, .span("Average score: \(rating.averageScore)"), else: .span("Not enough votes yet.") ) )) + +// When using the Component API: +let html = HTML { + if rating.hasEnoughVotes { + Span("Average score: \(rating.averageScore)") + } else { + Span("Not enough votes yet.") + } +} ``` -Optional values can also be unwrapped inline using the `.unwrap()` command, which takes an optional to unwrap, and a closure used to transform its value into a node — for example to conditionally display a part of an HTML page only if a user is logged in: +Optional values can also be unwrapped inline using the `Node`-based `.unwrap()` command, which takes an optional to unwrap, and a closure used to transform its value into a node. When using the `Component`-based API, you can simply use a standard `if let` expression to do the same thing. + +Here’s how those capabilities could be used to conditionally display a part of an HTML page only if a user is logged in. ```swift let user: User? = loadUser() +// When using the Node-based API: let html = HTML(.body( .unwrap(user) { .p("Hello, \($0.name)") } )) + +// When using the Component-based API: +let html = HTML { + if let user = user { + Paragraph("Hello, \(user.name)") + } +} ``` -Just like `.if()`, the `.unwrap()` command can also be passed an `else` clause that will be used if the optional being unwrapped turned out to be `nil`: +Just like `.if()`, the `.unwrap()` command can also be passed an `else` clause that will be used if the optional being unwrapped turned out to be `nil` (and the equivalent logic can once again be implemented using a standard `else` clause when using the `Component`-based API): ```swift let user: User? = loadUser() +// When using the Node-based API: let html = HTML(.body( .unwrap(user, { .p("Hello, \($0.name)") @@ -211,19 +328,46 @@ let html = HTML(.body( else: .text("Please log in") ) )) + +// When using the Component-based API: +let html = HTML { + if let user = user { + Paragraph("Hello, \(user.name)") + } else { + Text("Please log in") + } +} ``` -Finally, the `.forEach()` command can be used to transform any Swift `Sequence` into a group of nodes, which is incredibly useful when constructing lists: +Finally, the `.forEach()` command can be used to transform any Swift `Sequence` into a group of nodes, which is incredibly useful when constructing `Node`-based lists. When building `Component`-based lists, you could either directly pass your sequence to the built-in `List` component, or use a `for` loop: ```swift let names: [String] = ... +// When using the Node-based API: let html = HTML(.body( .h2("People"), .ul(.forEach(names) { .li(.class("name"), .text($0)) }) )) + +// When using the Component-based API: +let html = HTML { + H2("People") + + // Passing our array directly to List: + List(names) { name in + ListItem(name).class("name") + } + + // Using a manual for loop within a List closure: + List { + for name in names { + ListItem(name).class("name") + } + } +} ``` Using the above control flow mechanisms, especially when combined with the approach of defining custom components, lets you build really flexible templates, documents and HTML pages — all in a completely type-safe way. @@ -235,12 +379,25 @@ While Plot aims to cover as much of the standards associated with the document f Thankfully, Plot also makes it trivial to define custom elements and attributes — which is both useful when building more free-form XML documents, and as an *“escape hatch”* when Plot does not yet support a given part of a standard: ```swift +// When using the Node-based API: let html = HTML(.body( .element(named: "custom", text: "Hello..."), .p( .attribute(named: "custom", value: "...world!") ) )) + +// When using the Component-based API: +let html = HTML { + Element(name: "custom") { + Text("Hello...") + } + + Paragraph().attribute( + named: "custom", + value: "...world!" + ) +} ``` While the above APIs are great for constructing one-off custom elements, or for temporary working around a limitation in Plot’s built-in functionality, it’s (in most cases) recommended to instead either: @@ -295,6 +452,17 @@ let header = Node.header( let string = header.render() ``` +Just like nodes, components can also be rendered on their own: + +```swift +let header = Header { + H1("Title") + Span("Description") +} + +let string = header.render() +``` + Plot was built with performance in mind, so regardless of how you render a document, the goal is for that rendering process to be as fast as possible — with very limited node tree traversal and as little string copying and interpolation as possible. ## RSS feeds, podcasting, and site maps @@ -342,7 +510,7 @@ For more information about what data is required to build a podcast feed, see [A ## System requirements -To be able to successfully use Plot, make sure that your system has Swift version 5.2 (or later) installed. If you’re using a Mac, also make sure that `xcode-select` is pointed at an Xcode installation that includes the required version of Swift, and that you’re running macOS Catalina (10.15) or later. +To be able to successfully use Plot, make sure that your system has Swift version 5.4 (or later) installed. If you’re using a Mac, also make sure that `xcode-select` is pointed at an Xcode installation that includes the required version of Swift, and that you’re running macOS Big Sur (11.0) or later. Please note that Plot **does not** officially support any form of beta software, including beta versions of Xcode and macOS, or unreleased versions of Swift. @@ -354,7 +522,7 @@ Plot is distributed using the [Swift Package Manager](https://swift.org/package- let package = Package( ... dependencies: [ - .package(url: "https://github.com/johnsundell/plot.git", from: "0.1.0") + .package(url: "https://github.com/johnsundell/plot.git", from: "0.9.0") ], ... ) @@ -375,12 +543,15 @@ Plot consists of four core parts, that together make up both its DSL and its ove - [`Node`](Sources/Plot/API/Node.swift) is the core building block for all elements and attributes within any Plot document. It can represent elements and attributes, as well as text content and groups of nodes. Each node is bound to a `Context` type, which determines which kind of DSL APIs that it gets access to (for example `HTML.BodyContext` for nodes placed within the `` of an HTML page). - [`Element`](Sources/Plot/API/Element.swift) represents an element, and can either be opened and closed using two separate tags (like ``) or self-closed (like ``). You normally don’t have to interact with this type when using Plot, since you can create instances of it through its DSL. - [`Attribute`](Sources/Plot/API/Attribute.swift) represents an attribute attached to an element, such as the `href` of an `` element, or the `src` of an `` element. You can either construct `Attribute` values through its initializer, or through the DSL, using the `.attribute()` command. +- The [`Component`](Sources/Plot/API/Component.swift) protocol is used to define components in a very SwiftUI-like way. Every component needs to implement a `body` property, in which its rendered output can be constructed using either other components, or `Node`-based elements. - [`Document` and `DocumentFormat`](Sources/Plot/API/Document.swift) represent documents of a given format, such as `HTML`, `RSS` and `PodcastFeed`. These are the top level types that you use in order to start a document building session using Plot’s DSL. Plot makes heavy use of a technique known as *[Phantom Types](https://www.swiftbysundell.com/articles/phantom-types-in-swift)*, which is when types are used as “markers” for the compiler, to be able to enforce type safety through [generic constraints](https://www.swiftbysundell.com/articles/using-generic-type-constraints-in-swift-4). Both `DocumentFormat`, and the `Context` of a node, element or attribute, are used this way — as these types are never instantiated, but rather just there to associate their values with a given context or format. Plot also uses a very [lightweight API design](https://www.swiftbysundell.com/articles/lightweight-api-design-in-swift), minimizing external argument labels in favor of reducing the amount of syntax needed to render a document — giving its API a very “DSL-like” design. +The `Component` API uses the [Result Builders](https://swiftbysundell.com/articles/deep-dive-into-swift-function-builders) and [Property Wrappers](https://swiftbysundell.com/articles/property-wrappers-in-swift) language features to bring its very SwiftUI-like API to life. + ## Compatibility with standards Plot’s ultimate goal to be fully compatible with all standards that back the document formats that it supports. However, being a very young project, it will most likely need the community’s help to move it closer to that goal. @@ -393,6 +564,8 @@ The following standards are intended to be covered by Plot’s DSL: - [Apple’s RSS extensions for podcasts](https://help.apple.com/itc/podcasts_connect/#/itcbaf351599) - [The Sitemaps XML format](https://www.sitemaps.org/protocol.html) +Note that the `Component` API currently only covers a subset of the HTML 5.0 spec, and can currently only be used to define elements within the `` of an HTML page. + If you discover an element or attribute that’s missing, please [add it](CONTRIBUTING.md#adding-a-new-node-type) and open a Pull Request with that addition. ## Credits, alternatives and focus @@ -409,10 +582,10 @@ Plot is developed completely in the open, and your contributions are more than w Before you start using Plot in any of your projects, it’s highly recommended that you spend a few minutes familiarizing yourself with its documentation and internal implementation, so that you’ll be ready to tackle any issues or edge cases that you might encounter. -Since this is a very young project, it’s likely to have many limitations and missing features, which is something that can really only be discovered and addressed as more people start using it. While Plot is used in production to build and render all of [Swift by Sundell](https://swiftbysundell.com), it’s recommended that you first try it out for your specific use case, to make sure it supports the features that you need. +Since this is still a young project, it’s likely to have many limitations and missing features, which is something that can really only be discovered and addressed as more people start using it. While Plot is used in production to build and render all of [Swift by Sundell](https://swiftbysundell.com), it’s recommended that you first try it out for your specific use case, to make sure it supports the features that you need. -This project does [not come with GitHub Issues-based support](CONTRIBUTING.md#bugs-feature-requests-and-support), and users are instead encouraged to become active participants in its continued development — by fixing any bugs that they encounter, or by improving the documentation wherever it’s found to be lacking. +This project does [not come with GitHub Issues-based support](CONTRIBUTING.md#bugs-feature-requests-and-support), or any other kind of direct support channels, and users are instead encouraged to become active participants in its continued development — by fixing any bugs that they encounter, or by improving the documentation wherever it’s found to be lacking. If you wish to make a change, [open a Pull Request](https://github.com/JohnSundell/Plot/pull/new) — even if it just contains a draft of the changes you’re planning, or a test that reproduces an issue — and we can discuss it further from there. See [Plot’s contribution guide](CONTRIBUTING.md) for more information about how to contribute to this project. -Hope you’ll enjoy using Plot! +Hope you’ll enjoy using Plot! \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Sources/Plot/API/Attribute.swift b/Sources/Plot/API/Attribute.swift index 3a3f8a5..932b24e 100644 --- a/Sources/Plot/API/Attribute.swift +++ b/Sources/Plot/API/Attribute.swift @@ -15,16 +15,23 @@ public struct Attribute` tag using `.p()`.
-public struct Element` elements). See the `listStyle`
+ /// modifier for more information.
+ static var listStyle: Self { .init(defaultValue: .unordered) }
+}
+
+public extension EnvironmentKey where Value == Bool? {
+ /// Key used to define whether autocomplete should be enabled for `Input`
+ /// components. The default is `nil` (that is, no explicitly defined value).
+ /// See the `autoComplete` modifier for more information.
+ static var isAutoCompleteEnabled: Self { .init() }
+}
diff --git a/Sources/Plot/API/EnvironmentValue.swift b/Sources/Plot/API/EnvironmentValue.swift
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2d5b661
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Sources/Plot/API/EnvironmentValue.swift
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+/**
+* Plot
+* Copyright (c) John Sundell 2021
+* MIT license, see LICENSE file for details
+*/
+
+import Foundation
+
+/// Property wrapper that can be used to read a value from the environment.
+///
+/// You can annotate any `Component` property with the `@EnvironmentValue` attribute
+/// to have its value be determined by the environment. Environment values are always
+/// associated with an `EnvironmentKey`, and are passed downwards through a component/node
+/// hierarchy until overridden by another value.
+@propertyWrapper public struct EnvironmentValue