diff --git a/docs/gen_ref.py b/docs/gen_ref.py
index a1179e30..e40a1f1c 100644
--- a/docs/gen_ref.py
+++ b/docs/gen_ref.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Generate the code reference pages and navigation."""
+
 import sys
 from pathlib import Path
 
diff --git a/src/graia/ariadne/connection/__init__.py b/src/graia/ariadne/connection/__init__.py
index c14c2946..2b9e1e68 100644
--- a/src/graia/ariadne/connection/__init__.py
+++ b/src/graia/ariadne/connection/__init__.py
@@ -41,14 +41,12 @@ def available(self) -> bool:
 
     def __repr__(self) -> str:
         return "<ConnectionStatus {}>".format(
-            " ".join(
-                [
-                    f"connected={self.connected}",
-                    f"alive={self.alive}",
-                    f"verified={self.session_key is not None}",
-                    f"stage={self.stage}",
-                ]
-            )
+            " ".join([
+                f"connected={self.connected}",
+                f"alive={self.alive}",
+                f"verified={self.session_key is not None}",
+                f"stage={self.stage}",
+            ])
         )
 
 
@@ -70,14 +68,12 @@ def stages(self):
         return {}
 
     def __init__(self, info: T_Info) -> None:
-        self.id = ".".join(
-            [
-                "elizabeth",
-                "connection",
-                str(info.account),
-                camel_to_snake(self.__class__.__qualname__),
-            ]
-        )
+        self.id = ".".join([
+            "elizabeth",
+            "connection",
+            str(info.account),
+            camel_to_snake(self.__class__.__qualname__),
+        ])
         self.info = info
         self.fallback = None
         self.event_callbacks = []
diff --git a/src/graia/ariadne/connection/config.py b/src/graia/ariadne/connection/config.py
index b8e2e833..06383ad5 100644
--- a/src/graia/ariadne/connection/config.py
+++ b/src/graia/ariadne/connection/config.py
@@ -87,13 +87,11 @@ class ConfigTypedDict(TypedDict):
 
 
 @overload
-def from_obj(obj: Sequence[ConfigTypedDict]) -> List["Ariadne"]:
-    ...
+def from_obj(obj: Sequence[ConfigTypedDict]) -> List["Ariadne"]: ...
 
 
 @overload
-def from_obj(obj: ConfigTypedDict) -> "Ariadne":
-    ...
+def from_obj(obj: ConfigTypedDict) -> "Ariadne": ...
 
 
 def from_obj(obj: Union[ConfigTypedDict, Sequence[ConfigTypedDict]]) -> Union[List["Ariadne"], "Ariadne"]:
diff --git a/src/graia/ariadne/connection/util.py b/src/graia/ariadne/connection/util.py
index 554aadd9..bd4d63cd 100644
--- a/src/graia/ariadne/connection/util.py
+++ b/src/graia/ariadne/connection/util.py
@@ -42,13 +42,11 @@
 
 
 @overload
-def validate_response(data: Any, raising: Literal[False]) -> Any | Exception:
-    ...
+def validate_response(data: Any, raising: Literal[False]) -> Any | Exception: ...
 
 
 @overload
-def validate_response(data: Any, raising: Literal[True] = True) -> Any:
-    ...
+def validate_response(data: Any, raising: Literal[True] = True) -> Any: ...
 
 
 def validate_response(data: Any, raising: bool = True):
diff --git a/src/graia/ariadne/connection/ws.py b/src/graia/ariadne/connection/ws.py
index bd9a3e17..f431cd4e 100644
--- a/src/graia/ariadne/connection/ws.py
+++ b/src/graia/ariadne/connection/ws.py
@@ -147,17 +147,15 @@ async def _(self, io: AbstractWebsocketIO) -> None:
             if req.query_params.get(k) != v:
                 return await io.extra(WSConnectionClose)
         await io.extra(WSConnectionAccept)
-        await io.send(
-            {
-                "syncId": "#",
-                "command": "verify",
-                "content": {
-                    "verifyKey": self.info.verify_key,
-                    "sessionKey": None,
-                    "qq": self.info.account,
-                },
-            }
-        )
+        await io.send({
+            "syncId": "#",
+            "command": "verify",
+            "content": {
+                "verifyKey": self.info.verify_key,
+                "sessionKey": None,
+                "qq": self.info.account,
+            },
+        })
         self.ws_io = io
 
 
diff --git a/src/graia/ariadne/console/saya.py b/src/graia/ariadne/console/saya.py
index 6b9538d2..4d61e790 100644
--- a/src/graia/ariadne/console/saya.py
+++ b/src/graia/ariadne/console/saya.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Ariadne 控制台对 Saya 封装的 Behaviour 与 Schema"""
+
 from dataclasses import dataclass, field
 from typing import Callable, List
 
diff --git a/src/graia/ariadne/context.py b/src/graia/ariadne/context.py
index 3641f294..4b1e6d93 100644
--- a/src/graia/ariadne/context.py
+++ b/src/graia/ariadne/context.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """本模块创建了 Ariadne 中的上下文变量"""
+
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from contextlib import contextmanager, suppress
diff --git a/src/graia/ariadne/entry/message.py b/src/graia/ariadne/entry/message.py
index 71a1cfaf..add5111d 100644
--- a/src/graia/ariadne/entry/message.py
+++ b/src/graia/ariadne/entry/message.py
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 """Ariadne 消息相关的导入集合"""
 
-
 from ..message import Quote as Quote
 from ..message import Source as Source
 from ..message.chain import MessageChain as MessageChain
diff --git a/src/graia/ariadne/event/__init__.py b/src/graia/ariadne/event/__init__.py
index 939d3e83..cd5b3937 100644
--- a/src/graia/ariadne/event/__init__.py
+++ b/src/graia/ariadne/event/__init__.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Ariadne 的事件"""
+
 from graia.broadcast import Dispatchable
 
 from ..dispatcher import BaseDispatcher
diff --git a/src/graia/ariadne/event/lifecycle.py b/src/graia/ariadne/event/lifecycle.py
index a61a3788..d01a799e 100644
--- a/src/graia/ariadne/event/lifecycle.py
+++ b/src/graia/ariadne/event/lifecycle.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Ariadne, Adapter 生命周期相关事件"""
+
 import typing
 
 from graia.broadcast.entities.event import Dispatchable
diff --git a/src/graia/ariadne/event/message.py b/src/graia/ariadne/event/message.py
index 1c90bc64..5fae176f 100644
--- a/src/graia/ariadne/event/message.py
+++ b/src/graia/ariadne/event/message.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Ariadne 消息事件"""
+
 from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Union
 
 from pydantic import Field, root_validator
diff --git a/src/graia/ariadne/message/__init__.py b/src/graia/ariadne/message/__init__.py
index 9609df88..8371545e 100644
--- a/src/graia/ariadne/message/__init__.py
+++ b/src/graia/ariadne/message/__init__.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """本模块提供 Ariadne 消息相关部件."""
+
 from datetime import datetime
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 
diff --git a/src/graia/ariadne/message/chain.py b/src/graia/ariadne/message/chain.py
index 552a8eb4..bc55c56d 100644
--- a/src/graia/ariadne/message/chain.py
+++ b/src/graia/ariadne/message/chain.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Ariadne 消息链的实现"""
+
 import re
 from copy import deepcopy
 from typing import (
@@ -109,12 +110,10 @@ def parse_obj(cls: Type[Self], obj: Union[List[dict], List[Element]]) -> Self:
         return cls(cls.build_chain(obj), inline=True)
 
     @overload
-    def __init__(self, __root__: Sequence[Element], *, inline: Literal[True]) -> None:
-        ...
+    def __init__(self, __root__: Sequence[Element], *, inline: Literal[True]) -> None: ...
 
     @overload
-    def __init__(self, *elements: MessageContainer, inline: Literal[False] = False) -> None:
-        ...
+    def __init__(self, *elements: MessageContainer, inline: Literal[False] = False) -> None: ...
 
     def __init__(
         self,
@@ -146,20 +145,16 @@ def __repr_args__(self) -> "ReprArgs":
         return [(None, list(self.content))]
 
     @overload
-    def __getitem__(self, item: Tuple[Type[Element_T], int]) -> List[Element_T]:
-        ...
+    def __getitem__(self, item: Tuple[Type[Element_T], int]) -> List[Element_T]: ...
 
     @overload
-    def __getitem__(self, item: Type[Element_T]) -> List[Element_T]:
-        ...
+    def __getitem__(self, item: Type[Element_T]) -> List[Element_T]: ...
 
     @overload
-    def __getitem__(self, item: int) -> Element:
-        ...
+    def __getitem__(self, item: int) -> Element: ...
 
     @overload
-    def __getitem__(self, item: slice) -> Self:
-        ...
+    def __getitem__(self, item: slice) -> Self: ...
 
     def __getitem__(self, item: Union[Tuple[Type[Element], int], Type[Element], int, slice]) -> Any:
         """
diff --git a/src/graia/ariadne/message/commander/__init__.py b/src/graia/ariadne/message/commander/__init__.py
index 0f1b14cb..3366596d 100644
--- a/src/graia/ariadne/message/commander/__init__.py
+++ b/src/graia/ariadne/message/commander/__init__.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Commander: 便捷的指令触发体系"""
+
 import abc
 import asyncio
 import contextlib
diff --git a/src/graia/ariadne/message/element.py b/src/graia/ariadne/message/element.py
index 7b125c83..836fa92a 100644
--- a/src/graia/ariadne/message/element.py
+++ b/src/graia/ariadne/message/element.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Ariadne 中的消息元素"""
+
 from base64 import b64decode, b64encode
 from datetime import datetime
 from enum import Enum
@@ -563,12 +564,10 @@ def parse_obj(cls, obj: Any) -> Self:
         return cls(**obj)
 
     @overload
-    def __getitem__(self, key: int) -> ForwardNode:
-        ...
+    def __getitem__(self, key: int) -> ForwardNode: ...
 
     @overload
-    def __getitem__(self, key: slice) -> List[ForwardNode]:
-        ...
+    def __getitem__(self, key: slice) -> List[ForwardNode]: ...
 
     def __getitem__(self, key: Union[int, slice]) -> Union[ForwardNode, List[ForwardNode]]:
         return self.node_list[key]
diff --git a/src/graia/ariadne/message/formatter.py b/src/graia/ariadne/message/formatter.py
index ff81a260..e1688acf 100644
--- a/src/graia/ariadne/message/formatter.py
+++ b/src/graia/ariadne/message/formatter.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """基于 format string 的消息链格式化器"""
+
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import string
diff --git a/src/graia/ariadne/message/parser/base.py b/src/graia/ariadne/message/parser/base.py
index 88422fa7..e7946afc 100644
--- a/src/graia/ariadne/message/parser/base.py
+++ b/src/graia/ariadne/message/parser/base.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Ariadne 基础的 parser, 包括 DetectPrefix 与 DetectSuffix"""
+
 import abc
 import difflib
 import fnmatch
@@ -26,8 +27,9 @@ class ChainDecorator(abc.ABC, Decorator, Derive[MessageChain]):
     pre = True
 
     @abc.abstractmethod
-    async def __call__(self, chain: MessageChain, interface: DispatcherInterface) -> Optional[MessageChain]:
-        ...
+    async def __call__(
+        self, chain: MessageChain, interface: DispatcherInterface
+    ) -> Optional[MessageChain]: ...
 
     async def target(self, interface: DecoratorInterface):
         return await self(
diff --git a/src/graia/ariadne/message/parser/twilight.py b/src/graia/ariadne/message/parser/twilight.py
index 8e4f853f..485e17e6 100644
--- a/src/graia/ariadne/message/parser/twilight.py
+++ b/src/graia/ariadne/message/parser/twilight.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Twilight: 混合式消息链处理器"""
+
 import abc
 import contextlib
 import enum
@@ -443,16 +444,13 @@ def __init__(self, match_result: Dict[Union[int, str], MatchResult]):
         self.res = match_result
 
     @overload
-    def __getitem__(self, item: Union[int, str]) -> MatchResult:
-        ...
+    def __getitem__(self, item: Union[int, str]) -> MatchResult: ...
 
     @overload
-    def __getitem__(self, item: Type[int]) -> List[MatchResult]:
-        ...
+    def __getitem__(self, item: Type[int]) -> List[MatchResult]: ...
 
     @overload
-    def __getitem__(self, item: Type[str]) -> Dict[str, MatchResult]:
-        ...
+    def __getitem__(self, item: Type[str]) -> Dict[str, MatchResult]: ...
 
     def __getitem__(self, item: Union[int, str, Type[int], Type[str]]):
         if not isinstance(item, type):
diff --git a/src/graia/ariadne/message/parser/util.py b/src/graia/ariadne/message/parser/util.py
index 496bbfb5..9c0d6ea1 100644
--- a/src/graia/ariadne/message/parser/util.py
+++ b/src/graia/ariadne/message/parser/util.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """消息链处理器用到的工具函数, 类"""
+
 import argparse
 import inspect
 import re
@@ -225,8 +226,7 @@ def get_help(
         *,
         prefix_src: Literal["brief", "usage", "description"] = "brief",
         fmt_cls: Type[argparse.HelpFormatter] = argparse.HelpFormatter,
-    ) -> str:
-        ...
+    ) -> str: ...
 
     @overload
     def get_help(
@@ -237,8 +237,7 @@ def get_help(
         prefix_src: Literal["brief", "usage", "description"] = "brief",
         fmt_func: Callable[[str], T],
         fmt_cls: Type[argparse.HelpFormatter] = argparse.HelpFormatter,
-    ) -> T:
-        ...
+    ) -> T: ...
 
     def get_help(
         self,
diff --git a/src/graia/ariadne/model/__init__.py b/src/graia/ariadne/model/__init__.py
index 4ae5374b..7d0ad90e 100644
--- a/src/graia/ariadne/model/__init__.py
+++ b/src/graia/ariadne/model/__init__.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Ariadne 各种 model 存放的位置"""
+
 import functools
 from datetime import datetime
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Awaitable, Callable, Dict, Literal, Optional, Type, Union
@@ -58,15 +59,13 @@ def __init__(
         user_seg = "{event.sender.nickname}({event.sender.id})"
         group_seg = "{event.sender.group.name}({event.sender.group.id})"
         client_seg = "{event.sender.platform}({event.sender.id})"
-        self.update(
-            {
-                GroupMessage: f"{account_seg}: [RECV][{group_seg}] {sender_seg} -> {msg_chain_seg}",
-                TempMessage: f"{account_seg}: [RECV][{group_seg}:{sender_seg}] -> {msg_chain_seg}",
-                FriendMessage: f"{account_seg}: [RECV][{user_seg}] -> {msg_chain_seg}",
-                StrangerMessage: f"{account_seg}: [RECV][{user_seg}] -> {msg_chain_seg}",
-                OtherClientMessage: f"{account_seg}: [RECV][{client_seg}] -> {msg_chain_seg}",
-            }
-        )
+        self.update({
+            GroupMessage: f"{account_seg}: [RECV][{group_seg}] {sender_seg} -> {msg_chain_seg}",
+            TempMessage: f"{account_seg}: [RECV][{group_seg}:{sender_seg}] -> {msg_chain_seg}",
+            FriendMessage: f"{account_seg}: [RECV][{user_seg}] -> {msg_chain_seg}",
+            StrangerMessage: f"{account_seg}: [RECV][{user_seg}] -> {msg_chain_seg}",
+            OtherClientMessage: f"{account_seg}: [RECV][{client_seg}] -> {msg_chain_seg}",
+        })
         for active_msg_cls in gen_subclass(ActiveMessage):
             label: str = "[SYNC] " if active_msg_cls.__fields__["sync"].default else "[SEND]"
             self[active_msg_cls] = f"{account_seg}: {label}[{{event.subject}}] <- {msg_chain_seg}"
diff --git a/src/graia/ariadne/model/util.py b/src/graia/ariadne/model/util.py
index 6fe7167a..ca9c83a5 100644
--- a/src/graia/ariadne/model/util.py
+++ b/src/graia/ariadne/model/util.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """用于 Ariadne 数据模型的工具类."""
+
 from datetime import datetime
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Literal, Union
 from typing_extensions import NotRequired, TypedDict
diff --git a/src/graia/ariadne/service.py b/src/graia/ariadne/service.py
index 4e949c39..05625054 100644
--- a/src/graia/ariadne/service.py
+++ b/src/graia/ariadne/service.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Ariadne 的 launart 服务相关"""
+
 import asyncio
 import importlib.metadata
 import json
@@ -41,13 +42,11 @@ async def check_update(session: ClientSession, name: str, current: str, output:
         logger.warning(f"Failed to retrieve latest version of {name}: {e}")
     if result_version > current_version:
         output.append(
-            " ".join(
-                [
-                    f"[cyan]{name}[/]:" if name.startswith("graiax-") else f"[magenta]{name}[/]:",
-                    f"[green]{current}[/]",
-                    f"-> [yellow]{result}[/]",
-                ]
-            )
+            " ".join([
+                f"[cyan]{name}[/]:" if name.startswith("graiax-") else f"[magenta]{name}[/]:",
+                f"[green]{current}[/]",
+                f"-> [yellow]{result}[/]",
+            ])
         )
 
 
@@ -95,12 +94,10 @@ def base_telemetry() -> None:
         output: List[str] = [""]
         dist_map: Dict[str, str] = get_dist_map()
         output.extend(
-            " ".join(
-                [
-                    f"[blue]{name}[/]:" if name.startswith("graiax-") else f"[magenta]{name}[/]:",
-                    f"[green]{version}[/]",
-                ]
-            )
+            " ".join([
+                f"[blue]{name}[/]:" if name.startswith("graiax-") else f"[magenta]{name}[/]:",
+                f"[green]{version}[/]",
+            ])
             for name, version in dist_map.items()
         )
         output.sort()
@@ -246,12 +243,10 @@ def loop(self) -> asyncio.AbstractEventLoop:
         return it(asyncio.AbstractEventLoop)
 
     @overload
-    def get_interface(self, interface_type: Type[ConnectionInterface]) -> ConnectionInterface:
-        ...
+    def get_interface(self, interface_type: Type[ConnectionInterface]) -> ConnectionInterface: ...
 
     @overload
-    def get_interface(self, interface_type: type) -> None:
-        ...
+    def get_interface(self, interface_type: type) -> None: ...
 
     def get_interface(self, interface_type: type):
         if interface_type is ConnectionInterface:
diff --git a/src/graia/ariadne/typing.py b/src/graia/ariadne/typing.py
index fba68105..2f33e922 100644
--- a/src/graia/ariadne/typing.py
+++ b/src/graia/ariadne/typing.py
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 """Ariadne 的类型标注"""
 
-
 import contextlib
 import enum
 import sys
@@ -116,14 +115,11 @@ async def exception(item: SendMessageException) -> Optional[T]:
 
 @runtime_checkable
 class SendMessageActionProtocol(Protocol[T_co]):
-    async def param(self, item: SendMessageDict) -> SendMessageDict:
-        ...
+    async def param(self, item: SendMessageDict) -> SendMessageDict: ...
 
-    async def result(self, item: "ActiveMessage") -> T_co:
-        ...
+    async def result(self, item: "ActiveMessage") -> T_co: ...
 
-    async def exception(self, item: SendMessageException) -> Any:
-        ...
+    async def exception(self, item: SendMessageException) -> Any: ...
 
 
 def generic_issubclass(cls: Any, par: Union[type, Any, Tuple[type, ...]]) -> bool:
diff --git a/src/graia/ariadne/util/__init__.py b/src/graia/ariadne/util/__init__.py
index 8b60f8ce..94ec65f6 100644
--- a/src/graia/ariadne/util/__init__.py
+++ b/src/graia/ariadne/util/__init__.py
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 """本模块提供 Ariadne 内部使用的小工具, 以及方便的辅助模块."""
 
-
 # Utility Layout
 import functools
 import inspect
diff --git a/src/graia/ariadne/util/async_exec.py b/src/graia/ariadne/util/async_exec.py
index 4ea210cf..b6f89654 100644
--- a/src/graia/ariadne/util/async_exec.py
+++ b/src/graia/ariadne/util/async_exec.py
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 提示: 若需要代替, 建议使用 `unsync` 库.
 """
+
 import asyncio
 import functools
 import importlib
diff --git a/src/graia/ariadne/util/cooldown.py b/src/graia/ariadne/util/cooldown.py
index 25542a56..bb152561 100644
--- a/src/graia/ariadne/util/cooldown.py
+++ b/src/graia/ariadne/util/cooldown.py
@@ -168,13 +168,13 @@ async def afterDispatch(
 
         @overload
         @contextlib.asynccontextmanager
-        async def trigger(self, target: int) -> AsyncGenerator[Tuple[Optional[datetime], bool], None]:
-            ...
+        async def trigger(self, target: int) -> AsyncGenerator[Tuple[Optional[datetime], bool], None]: ...
 
         @overload
         @contextlib.asynccontextmanager
-        async def trigger(self, target: int, type: Type[T_Time]) -> AsyncGenerator[Tuple[T_Time, bool], None]:
-            ...
+        async def trigger(
+            self, target: int, type: Type[T_Time]
+        ) -> AsyncGenerator[Tuple[T_Time, bool], None]: ...
 
     @contextlib.asynccontextmanager
     async def trigger(
diff --git a/src/graia/ariadne/util/interrupt.py b/src/graia/ariadne/util/interrupt.py
index faa4e60e..ed9a3f75 100644
--- a/src/graia/ariadne/util/interrupt.py
+++ b/src/graia/ariadne/util/interrupt.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Broadcast Interrupt 相关的工具"""
+
 import asyncio
 from typing import Awaitable, Callable, Generic, List, Optional, Type, TypeVar, cast
 from typing_extensions import overload
@@ -37,16 +38,13 @@ def __init__(
         self.block_propagation = block_propagation
 
     @overload
-    async def wait(self, timeout: float, default: T) -> T:
-        ...
+    async def wait(self, timeout: float, default: T) -> T: ...
 
     @overload
-    async def wait(self, timeout: float, default: Optional[T] = None) -> Optional[T]:
-        ...
+    async def wait(self, timeout: float, default: Optional[T] = None) -> Optional[T]: ...
 
     @overload
-    async def wait(self, timeout: None = None) -> T:
-        ...
+    async def wait(self, timeout: None = None) -> T: ...
 
     async def wait(self, timeout: Optional[float] = None, default: Optional[T] = None):
         """等待 Waiter, 如果超时则返回默认值
diff --git a/src/graia/ariadne/util/saya.py b/src/graia/ariadne/util/saya.py
index 02f96373..2edf5531 100644
--- a/src/graia/ariadne/util/saya.py
+++ b/src/graia/ariadne/util/saya.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """Saya 相关的工具"""
+
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import inspect
diff --git a/src/graia/ariadne/util/send.py b/src/graia/ariadne/util/send.py
index 57192d81..36688db7 100644
--- a/src/graia/ariadne/util/send.py
+++ b/src/graia/ariadne/util/send.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 """本模块包含许多用于 Ariadne.SendMessage 的 action 函数"""
+
 from typing import Optional, TypeVar, Union, overload
 
 from ..app import Ariadne
@@ -61,12 +62,10 @@ def __init__(self, ignore: bool = False) -> None:
 
     @overload
     @staticmethod
-    async def exception(item) -> ActiveMessage:
-        ...
+    async def exception(item) -> ActiveMessage: ...
 
     @overload
-    async def exception(self, item) -> ActiveMessage:
-        ...
+    async def exception(self, item) -> ActiveMessage: ...
 
     @staticmethod
     async def _handle(item: SendMessageException, ignore: bool):
diff --git a/src/test/message/chain.py b/src/test/message/chain.py
index 0eb8acf0..31958ed1 100644
--- a/src/test/message/chain.py
+++ b/src/test/message/chain.py
@@ -288,17 +288,15 @@ def test_list_method():
     assert msg_chain.index(Quote) is None
 
     # extend
-    assert msg_chain.extend(Plain("hi"), MessageChain(["good"]), ["why"], "obj", copy=True) == MessageChain(
-        [
-            Plain("Hello World!"),
-            Plain("How are you?"),
-            At(12345),
-            Plain("hi"),
-            Plain("good"),
-            Plain("why"),
-            Plain("obj"),
-        ]
-    )
+    assert msg_chain.extend(Plain("hi"), MessageChain(["good"]), ["why"], "obj", copy=True) == MessageChain([
+        Plain("Hello World!"),
+        Plain("How are you?"),
+        At(12345),
+        Plain("hi"),
+        Plain("good"),
+        Plain("why"),
+        Plain("obj"),
+    ])
 
     # append
     msg_chain.append("yo")
diff --git a/src/test_old/app.py b/src/test_old/app.py
index 9e6123b3..348feeed 100644
--- a/src/test_old/app.py
+++ b/src/test_old/app.py
@@ -129,14 +129,12 @@ async def raise_(app: Ariadne, ev: MessageEvent):
     @bcc.receiver(
         MessageEvent,
         dispatchers=[
-            Twilight(
-                [
-                    FullMatch(".test"),
-                    "help" @ ArgumentMatch("--help", "-h", action="store_true"),
-                    "arg" @ WildcardMatch().flags(re.DOTALL),
-                    "verbose" @ ArgumentMatch("--verbose", action="store_true"),
-                ]
-            )
+            Twilight([
+                FullMatch(".test"),
+                "help" @ ArgumentMatch("--help", "-h", action="store_true"),
+                "arg" @ WildcardMatch().flags(re.DOTALL),
+                "verbose" @ ArgumentMatch("--verbose", action="store_true"),
+            ])
         ],
     )
     async def reply1(
diff --git a/src/test_old/commander_performance.py b/src/test_old/commander_performance.py
index d26e346c..baafd018 100644
--- a/src/test_old/commander_performance.py
+++ b/src/test_old/commander_performance.py
@@ -22,8 +22,7 @@ async def m():
         for _ in range(handles):
 
             @cmd.command(".test foo bar fox mop {v}")
-            def _(v: At):
-                ...
+            def _(v: At): ...
 
         async def disp(entry, dispatchers):
             debug(dispatchers[0].data)
@@ -34,8 +33,7 @@ async def disp(entry, dispatchers):
 
         await cmd.execute(msg)
 
-        async def a(*args, **kwargs):
-            ...
+        async def a(*args, **kwargs): ...
 
         cmd.broadcast.Executor = a
 
diff --git a/src/test_old/twilight.py b/src/test_old/twilight.py
index 6783e2b0..3c241098 100644
--- a/src/test_old/twilight.py
+++ b/src/test_old/twilight.py
@@ -7,24 +7,20 @@
 
 install()
 if __name__ == "__main__":
-    twilight_args_kwargs = Twilight(
-        [
-            FullMatch(".command"),
-            1 @ ArgumentMatch("--option"),
-            ElementMatch(type=At).param(2),
-        ]
-    )
+    twilight_args_kwargs = Twilight([
+        FullMatch(".command"),
+        1 @ ArgumentMatch("--option"),
+        ElementMatch(type=At).param(2),
+    ])
 
     sparkle_kwargs = twilight_args_kwargs.generate(MessageChain(".command --option foo ", At(123)))
     devtools.debug(sparkle_kwargs)
 
-    twilight_g = Twilight(
-        [
-            FullMatch(".command"),
-            "boolean" @ ArgumentMatch("--option", action="store_true"),
-            ElementMatch(type=At).param("at"),
-        ]
-    )
+    twilight_g = Twilight([
+        FullMatch(".command"),
+        "boolean" @ ArgumentMatch("--option", action="store_true"),
+        ElementMatch(type=At).param("at"),
+    ])
 
     sparkle_kwargs = twilight_g.generate(MessageChain(".command --option ", At(123)))
     devtools.debug(sparkle_kwargs)
@@ -55,15 +51,13 @@
 
     devtools.debug(sp)
 
-    flag_twi = Twilight(
-        [
-            FullMatch(".test").help("匹配 .test"),
-            "op" << ParamMatch().help("操作符"),
-            "help" @ ArgumentMatch("--help", "-h", action="store_true").help("显示该帮助"),
-            "arg" @ WildcardMatch().flags(re.DOTALL),
-            "v" << ArgumentMatch("--verbose", "-v", action="store_true").help("显示详细信息"),
-        ]
-    ).help(".test <op>", "描述", "总结", brief="测试测试!")
+    flag_twi = Twilight([
+        FullMatch(".test").help("匹配 .test"),
+        "op" << ParamMatch().help("操作符"),
+        "help" @ ArgumentMatch("--help", "-h", action="store_true").help("显示该帮助"),
+        "arg" @ WildcardMatch().flags(re.DOTALL),
+        "v" << ArgumentMatch("--verbose", "-v", action="store_true").help("显示详细信息"),
+    ]).help(".test <op>", "描述", "总结", brief="测试测试!")
 
     devtools.debug(flag_twi.generate(MessageChain([".test op"])))
 
@@ -75,18 +69,16 @@
     print(flag_twi.get_help(".test", "描述", "总结"))
 
     print(
-        Twilight(
-            [
-                FullMatch(".test").help("匹配 .test"),
-                "union" @ UnionMatch("A", "B", "C"),
-                "at" @ ElementMatch(At),
-                "op1" @ ParamMatch(),
-                "op2" @ ParamMatch().help("操作符"),
-                "help" @ ArgumentMatch("--help", "-h", action="store_true").help("显示该帮助"),
-                "arg" @ WildcardMatch().flags(re.DOTALL),
-                "v" @ ArgumentMatch("--verbose", "-v", action="store_true").help("显示详细信息"),
-            ]
-        ).get_help("用法字符串", "描述", "总结")
+        Twilight([
+            FullMatch(".test").help("匹配 .test"),
+            "union" @ UnionMatch("A", "B", "C"),
+            "at" @ ElementMatch(At),
+            "op1" @ ParamMatch(),
+            "op2" @ ParamMatch().help("操作符"),
+            "help" @ ArgumentMatch("--help", "-h", action="store_true").help("显示该帮助"),
+            "arg" @ WildcardMatch().flags(re.DOTALL),
+            "v" @ ArgumentMatch("--verbose", "-v", action="store_true").help("显示详细信息"),
+        ]).get_help("用法字符串", "描述", "总结")
     )
 
     print(TwilightHelpManager.get_help_mgr("global").get_help("全局帮助", prefix_src="description"))