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vmware装openwrt.html
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VMware装OpenWrt
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<time title="创建时间:2019-11-04 20:27:24 / 修改时间:22:31:41" itemprop="dateCreated datePublished" datetime="2019-11-04T20:27:24+08:00">2019-11-04</time>
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<h1 id="前期准备"><a href="#前期准备" class="headerlink" title="前期准备"></a>前期准备</h1><p>在没有设备的情况下,VMware虚拟机就是检验编译成果和学习的最好工具,这篇博客记录了我是如何根据<a href="https://openwrt.org/docs/guide-user/virtualization/vmware" target="_blank" rel="noopener">官方文档</a>配置虚拟机的</p><h2 id="自行编译"><a href="#自行编译" class="headerlink" title="自行编译"></a>自行编译</h2><p>如果自己编译的时候在<code>Target Images</code>中勾选了<code>Build VMware images files</code>后,那么在编译输出的文件夹中就能够直接找到<code>vmdk</code>格式的文件,可以直接跳过前期准备</p><a id="more"></a>
<h2 id="使用img镜像转换"><a href="#使用img镜像转换" class="headerlink" title="使用img镜像转换"></a>使用img镜像转换</h2><p>首先安装依赖,我使用的是Ubuntu 19.04</p>
<figure class="highlight sh"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">sudo apt-get install qemu-img</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>然后从OpenWrt官网上下载镜像文件并解压,这里下载的是<code>openwrt-18.06.4-x86-64-combined-ext4.img.gz</code></p>
<figure class="highlight sh"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">wget https://downloads.openwrt.org/releases/18.06.4/targets/x86/64/openwrt-18.06.4-x86-64-combined-ext4.img.gz</span><br><span class="line">gunzip openwrt-18.06.4-x86-64-combined-ext4.img.gz</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>使用<code>qemu-img</code>将img固件转换为vmdk格式的虚拟机硬盘文件</p>
<figure class="highlight sh"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">qemu-img convert -f raw -O vmdk openwrt-18.06.4-x86-64-combined-ext4.img openwrt-18.06.4-x86-64-combined-ext4.vmdk</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h1 id="创建虚拟机"><a href="#创建虚拟机" class="headerlink" title="创建虚拟机"></a>创建虚拟机</h1><p>接下来就是创建一个空白的虚拟机,将vmdk文件添加到该空白虚拟机中</p>
<ol>
<li><p>文件->新建虚拟机,选择自定义</p>
<p><img src="images/router/Openwrt_VM1.png" alt="第一步"></p>
</li>
<li><p>虚拟机硬件兼容性直接默认就好</p>
<p><img src="images/router/Openwrt_VM2.png" alt="第二步"></p>
</li>
<li><p>选择稍后安装操作系统</p>
<p><img src="images/router/Openwrt_VM3.png" alt="第三步"></p>
</li>
<li><p>OpenWrt18使用的是Linux4.x的内核,因此操作系统类型选择<code>其他 Linux 4.x</code></p>
<p><img src="images/router/Openwrt_VM4.png" alt="第四步"></p>
</li>
<li><p>虚拟机的名字,自己起一个喜欢的</p>
<p><img src="images/router/Openwrt_VM5.png" alt="第五步"></p>
</li>
<li><p>分配处理器,1个处理器1个内核就够了</p>
<p><img src="images/router/Openwrt_VM6.png" alt="第六步"></p>
</li>
<li><p>分配内存,256MB就够了</p>
<p><img src="images/router/Openwrt_VM7.png" alt="第七步"></p>
</li>
<li><p>虚拟机的网络连接类型,根据情况选择,我使用的是桥接网络</p>
<p><img src="images/router/Openwrt_VM8.png" alt="第八步"></p>
</li>
<li><p>I/O控制器类型选择<code>LSI Logic</code></p>
<p><img src="images/router/Openwrt_VM9.png" alt="第九步"></p>
</li>
<li><p>虚拟磁盘类型选择<code>SCSI</code></p>
<p><img src="images/router/Openwrt_VM10.png" alt="第十步"></p>
</li>
<li><p>选择磁盘的时候,点击<code>使用现有虚拟磁盘</code>,然后选择刚刚转换的vmdk文件。如果提示说可以转换为格式较新的虚拟磁盘,选择保持当前磁盘格式</p>
<p><img src="images/router/Openwrt_VM11.png" alt="第十一步1"></p>
<p><img src="images/router/Openwrt_VM11_1.png" alt="第十一步2"></p>
</li>
<li><p>打开虚拟机所在位置,找到<code>xxx.vmx</code>文件,使用文本编辑器打开,在最后一句加上<code>ethernet0.virtualDev = "e1000"</code>,保存文件</p>
<p>这条语句将虚拟机的虚拟网卡类型设置为Intel e1000,Openwrt能够将其识别出来,如果想使用其他虚拟网卡类型,可以在编译配置的时候在<code>Kernel modules -> Network Devices</code>中勾选其他网卡驱动</p>
<p><img src="images/router/Openwrt_VM12.png" alt="第十二步"></p>
</li>
</ol>
<h1 id="启动虚拟机,配置网络"><a href="#启动虚拟机,配置网络" class="headerlink" title="启动虚拟机,配置网络"></a>启动虚拟机,配置网络</h1><p>启动虚拟机,屏幕上是不会显示命令行的,看到屏幕的日志不再滚动之后按回车就可以进入命令行了</p>
<p><img src="images/router/Openwrt_Start.png" alt="开机界面"></p>
<p>因为Openwrt默认的lan配置是只限于虚拟机本地网络的,因此还不能使用浏览器打开LuCi管理界面。需要修改一下lan网络配置</p>
<figure class="highlight sh"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">vi /etc/config/network</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>如果网络中的路由器有DHCP服务器,则将<code>interface 'lan'</code>改成如下所示</p>
<figure class="highlight sh"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">config interface <span class="string">'lan'</span></span><br><span class="line"> option <span class="built_in">type</span> <span class="string">'bridge'</span></span><br><span class="line"> option ifname <span class="string">'eth0'</span></span><br><span class="line"> option proto <span class="string">'dhcp'</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>如果网络中的路由器没有DHCP服务器,则自行指定:IP地址、子网掩码、默认网关、DNS服务器</p>
<figure class="highlight sh"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">config interface <span class="string">'lan'</span></span><br><span class="line"> option <span class="built_in">type</span> <span class="string">'bridge'</span></span><br><span class="line"> option ifname <span class="string">'eth0'</span></span><br><span class="line"> option proto <span class="string">'static'</span></span><br><span class="line"> option ipaddr <span class="string">'192.168.1.11'</span> <span class="comment">#自行指定</span></span><br><span class="line"> option netmask <span class="string">'255.255.255.0'</span> <span class="comment">#自行指定</span></span><br><span class="line"> option ip6assign <span class="string">'60'</span></span><br><span class="line"> option gateway <span class="string">'192.168.1.1'</span> <span class="comment">#自行指定</span></span><br><span class="line"> option dns <span class="string">'192.168.1.1'</span> <span class="comment">#自行指定</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>重启网络服务,查看是否获得IP地址,有IP地址就表示配置成功</p>
<figure class="highlight sh"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">service network restart</span><br><span class="line">ifconfig br-lan</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p><img src="images/router/Openwrt_Net.png" alt="网络配置"></p>
<h1 id="登录LuCi"><a href="#登录LuCi" class="headerlink" title="登录LuCi"></a>登录LuCi</h1><p>在网络配置好之后,就可以打开浏览器,使用LuCi对路由器进行管理配置了。第一次登录的时候,Openwrt会要求设置root密码</p>
<p><img src="images/router/Openwrt_LuCi.png" alt="LuCi"></p>
<p>之后就可以愉快地玩耍了😁</p>
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