Go:
Benchmark 1: ./related
Processing time (w/o IO): 30.802788ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 30.773788ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 31.021895ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 31.779517ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 32.362533ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 31.89412ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 30.977194ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 31.89752ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 31.291603ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 31.019395ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 37.507182ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 36.806562ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 31.520309ms
Time (mean ± σ): 68.3 ms ± 2.8 ms [User: 63.4 ms, System: 13.3 ms]
Range (min … max): 64.9 ms … 72.9 ms 10 runs
Go Concurrent:
Benchmark 1: ./related_concurrent
Processing time (w/o IO): 16.561776ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 16.762082ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 16.546076ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 16.792983ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 17.604507ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 16.34157ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 16.35107ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 16.928486ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 16.937588ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 16.785382ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 16.32137ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 16.422773ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 16.641578ms
Time (mean ± σ): 52.3 ms ± 1.2 ms [User: 56.4 ms, System: 16.2 ms]
Range (min … max): 50.4 ms … 53.7 ms 10 runs
Rust:
Benchmark 1: ./target/release/rust
Processing time (w/o IO): 33.797346ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 35.504394ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 34.922778ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 33.940551ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 33.91225ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 33.734445ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 33.886549ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 33.813947ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 33.816547ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 33.954351ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 33.957751ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 34.29396ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 34.073254ms
Time (mean ± σ): 55.8 ms ± 2.9 ms [User: 46.4 ms, System: 8.3 ms]
Range (min … max): 54.4 ms … 64.0 ms 10 runs
Rust Concurrent:
Benchmark 1: ./target/release/rust_rayon
Processing time (w/o IO): 19.789257ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 19.272842ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 19.057837ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 19.110838ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 19.116939ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 18.876331ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 18.887932ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 19.253742ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 19.296443ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 18.951134ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 20.054864ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 19.509449ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 19.425547ms
Time (mean ± σ): 39.3 ms ± 0.9 ms [User: 46.1 ms, System: 10.6 ms]
Range (min … max): 38.3 ms … 41.2 ms 10 runs
Python:
Benchmark 1: python3 ./related.py
Processing time (w/o IO): 2.698s
Processing time (w/o IO): 2.709s
Processing time (w/o IO): 2.711s
Processing time (w/o IO): 2.704s
Processing time (w/o IO): 2.705s
Time (mean ± σ): 2.789 s ± 0.005 s [User: 2.768 s, System: 0.019 s]
Range (min … max): 2.782 s … 2.795 s 5 runs
Numpy:
Benchmark 1: python3 ./related_np.py
Processing time (w/o IO): 0.454s
Processing time (w/o IO): 0.417s
Processing time (w/o IO): 0.424s
Processing time (w/o IO): 0.386s
Processing time (w/o IO): 0.389s
Time (mean ± σ): 669.3 ms ± 29.2 ms [User: 663.0 ms, System: 209.0 ms]
Range (min … max): 644.3 ms … 715.8 ms 5 runs
Crystal:
Benchmark 1: ./crystal
Processing time (w/o IO): 56.644159ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 57.446981ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 56.343951ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 56.33105ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 56.107044ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 56.548157ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 56.372351ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 57.095371ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 56.333851ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 56.377552ms
Time (mean ± σ): 116.5 ms ± 1.0 ms [User: 106.7 ms, System: 9.6 ms]
Range (min … max): 115.2 ms … 117.9 ms 10 runs
Zig:
Benchmark 1: ./main
Processing time (w/o IO): 179ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 178ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 178ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 178ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 178ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 178ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 178ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 178ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 178ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 177ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 178ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 178ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 178ms
Time (mean ± σ): 221.2 ms ± 1.7 ms [User: 214.3 ms, System: 6.3 ms]
Range (min … max): 220.3 ms … 226.0 ms 10 runs
Julia v2:
Benchmark 1: julia related_v2.jl
Processing time (w/o IO): 677 milliseconds
Processing time (w/o IO): 674 milliseconds
Processing time (w/o IO): 668 milliseconds
Processing time (w/o IO): 656 milliseconds
Processing time (w/o IO): 662 milliseconds
Processing time (w/o IO): 660 milliseconds
Time (mean ± σ): 5.523 s ± 0.050 s [User: 5.270 s, System: 0.249 s]
Range (min … max): 5.485 s … 5.596 s 5 runs
Odin:
Benchmark 1: ./related
Processing time (w/o IO): 70.758444ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 70.384236ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 70.817846ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 70.692443ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 70.764145ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 71.04455ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 71.038451ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 70.912248ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 71.083752ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 71.316557ms
Time (mean ± σ): 321.7 ms ± 1.2 ms [User: 311.9 ms, System: 9.5 ms]
Range (min … max): 320.5 ms … 325.0 ms 10 runs
Vlang:
Benchmark 1: ./related
Processing time (w/o IO): 72.150ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 61.100ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 61.149ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 61.352ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 61.131ms
Time (mean ± σ): 413.3 ms ± 9.4 ms [User: 373.0 ms, System: 39.5 ms]
Range (min … max): 406.9 ms … 429.9 ms 5 runs
Dart VM:
Benchmark 1: dart related.dart
Processing time (w/o IO): 94ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 94ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 133ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 95ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 134ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 95ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 109ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 111ms
Time (mean ± σ): 623.4 ms ± 33.7 ms [User: 695.6 ms, System: 153.8 ms]
Range (min … max): 593.2 ms … 674.9 ms 5 runs
Dart AOT:
Benchmark 1: ./related
Processing time (w/o IO): 145ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 142ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 142ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 142ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 141ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 141ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 142ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 141ms
Time (mean ± σ): 292.1 ms ± 1.9 ms [User: 270.1 ms, System: 25.7 ms]
Range (min … max): 290.4 ms … 294.6 ms 5 runs
Swift:
Benchmark 1: ./.build/release/related
Processing time (w/o IO): 66.85900688171387ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 66.17796421051025ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 66.85292720794678ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 65.99795818328857ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 66.52200222015381ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 66.9180154800415ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 66.54500961303711ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 65.95790386199951ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 66.22493267059326ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 66.87092781066895ms
Time (mean ± σ): 456.4 ms ± 7.1 ms [User: 411.5 ms, System: 38.9 ms]
Range (min … max): 449.8 ms … 475.0 ms 10 runs
Swift Concurrent:
Benchmark 1: ./.build/release/related
Processing time (w/o IO): 40.96517ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 40.896767ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 40.788165ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 41.119273ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 40.847566ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 40.605861ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 42.109296ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 42.234499ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 41.86499ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 40.884467ms
Time (mean ± σ): 445.0 ms ± 10.2 ms [User: 431.0 ms, System: 42.4 ms]
Range (min … max): 437.9 ms … 472.8 ms 10 runs
JS (Node):
Benchmark 1: node node.js
Processing time (w/o IO): 224ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 205ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 210ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 201ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 201ms
Time (mean ± σ): 292.5 ms ± 12.3 ms [User: 261.1 ms, System: 63.4 ms]
Range (min … max): 274.3 ms … 303.0 ms 5 runs
JS (Bun):
Benchmark 1: bun bun.js
Processing time (w/o IO): 691ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 817ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 715ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 680ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 816ms
Time (mean ± σ): 831.4 ms ± 67.5 ms [User: 807.4 ms, System: 44.9 ms]
Range (min … max): 742.0 ms … 884.4 ms 5 runs
JS (Deno):
Benchmark 1: deno run --allow-read --allow-write deno.js
Processing time (w/o IO): 198ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 182ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 181ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 181ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 182ms
Time (mean ± σ): 290.7 ms ± 78.3 ms [User: 240.5 ms, System: 37.3 ms]
Range (min … max): 254.6 ms … 430.7 ms 5 runs
Java (JIT):
Benchmark 1: java -Xms10m -Xmx10m -XX:+UseSerialGC -jar ./target/main.jar
Processing time (w/o IO): 267 ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 359 ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 278 ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 280 ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 267 ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 284 ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 258 ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 279 ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 277 ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 260 ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 259 ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 251 ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 302 ms
Time (mean ± σ): 567.3 ms ± 20.6 ms [User: 951.3 ms, System: 59.2 ms]
Range (min … max): 540.6 ms … 600.3 ms 10 runs
Java (GraalVM):
Benchmark 1: ./target/related
Processing time (w/o IO): 35 ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 35 ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 35 ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 36 ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 35 ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 36 ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 35 ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 35 ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 35 ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 35 ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 35 ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 35 ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 35 ms
Time (mean ± σ): 65.5 ms ± 0.6 ms [User: 52.2 ms, System: 13.3 ms]
Range (min … max): 65.0 ms … 66.9 ms 10 runs
Nim:
Benchmark 1: ./src/related
Processing time (w/o IO): 92ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 92ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 92ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 91ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 91ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 92ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 92ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 92ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 92ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 91ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 92ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 91ms
Time (mean ± σ): 122.5 ms ± 0.6 ms [User: 106.3 ms, System: 15.9 ms]
Range (min … max): 121.4 ms … 123.4 ms 10 runs
Fsharp:
Benchmark 1: ./bin/release/net7.0/fsharp
Processing time (w/o IO): 49ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 49ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 49ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 49ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 49ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 49ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 49ms
Time (mean ± σ): 900.4 ms ± 5.4 ms [User: 845.9 ms, System: 70.4 ms]
Range (min … max): 891.4 ms … 904.8 ms 5 runs
Fsharp Concurrent:
Benchmark 1: ./bin/release/net7.0/fsharp_con
Processing time (w/o IO): 42ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 43ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 42ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 43ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 42ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 43ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 43ms
Time (mean ± σ): 906.2 ms ± 15.0 ms [User: 878.9 ms, System: 74.4 ms]
Range (min … max): 883.2 ms … 922.6 ms 5 runs
LuaJIT:
Benchmark 1: luajit only_lua.lua
Processing time (w/o IO): 121.71387672424 ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 121.96898460388 ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 126.92189216614 ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 124.62306022644 ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 123.37207794189 ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 124.40299987793 ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 124.44806098938 ms
Time (mean ± σ): 435.7 ms ± 4.3 ms [User: 411.3 ms, System: 24.3 ms]
Range (min … max): 431.1 ms … 441.9 ms 5 runs
Lua:
Benchmark 1: lua only_lua.lua
Processing time (w/o IO): 2365.8969402313 ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 2387.5169754028 ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 2411.8890762329 ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 2361.7370128632 ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 2369.8949813843 ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 2364.2549514771 ms
Processing time (w/o IO): 2365.3938770294 ms
Time (mean ± σ): 3.095 s ± 0.029 s [User: 3.057 s, System: 0.036 s]
Range (min … max): 3.062 s … 3.142 s 5 runs