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sql-statement-grant-role.md

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GRANT <role> | TiDB SQL Statement Reference
An overview of the usage of GRANT <role> for the TiDB database.

GRANT <role>

Assigns a previously created role to an existing user. The user can use then use the statement SET ROLE <rolename> to assume the privileges of the role, or SET ROLE ALL to assume all roles that have been assigned.

Synopsis

GrantRoleStmt ::=
    'GRANT' RolenameList 'TO' UsernameList

RolenameList ::=
    Rolename ( ',' Rolename )*

UsernameList ::=
    Username ( ',' Username )*

Examples

Create a new role for the analytics team, and a new user called jennifer:

$ mysql -uroot
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 37
Server version: 5.7.25-TiDB-v4.0.0-beta.2-728-ga9177fe84 TiDB Server (Apache License 2.0) Community Edition, MySQL 5.7 compatible

Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> CREATE ROLE analyticsteam;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> GRANT SELECT ON test.* TO analyticsteam;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> CREATE USER jennifer;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> GRANT analyticsteam TO jennifer;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

Note that by default jennifer needs to SET ROLE analyticsteam in order to be able to use the privileges associated with the role:

$ mysql -ujennifer
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 32
Server version: 5.7.25-TiDB-v4.0.0-beta.2-728-ga9177fe84 TiDB Server (Apache License 2.0) Community Edition, MySQL 5.7 compatible

Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> SHOW GRANTS;
+---------------------------------------------+
| Grants for User                             |
+---------------------------------------------+
| GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO 'jennifer'@'%'        |
| GRANT 'analyticsteam'@'%' TO 'jennifer'@'%' |
+---------------------------------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> SHOW TABLES in test;
ERROR 1044 (42000): Access denied for user 'jennifer'@'%' to database 'test'
mysql> SET ROLE analyticsteam;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> SHOW GRANTS;
+---------------------------------------------+
| Grants for User                             |
+---------------------------------------------+
| GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO 'jennifer'@'%'        |
| GRANT Select ON test.* TO 'jennifer'@'%'    |
| GRANT 'analyticsteam'@'%' TO 'jennifer'@'%' |
+---------------------------------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> SHOW TABLES IN test;
+----------------+
| Tables_in_test |
+----------------+
| t1             |
+----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

The statement SET DEFAULT ROLE can be used to associated a role to jennifer so that she will not have to execute the statement SET ROLE in order to assume the privileges associated with the role:

$ mysql -uroot
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 34
Server version: 5.7.25-TiDB-v4.0.0-beta.2-728-ga9177fe84 TiDB Server (Apache License 2.0) Community Edition, MySQL 5.7 compatible

Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> SET DEFAULT ROLE analyticsteam TO jennifer;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
$ mysql -ujennifer
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 35
Server version: 5.7.25-TiDB-v4.0.0-beta.2-728-ga9177fe84 TiDB Server (Apache License 2.0) Community Edition, MySQL 5.7 compatible

Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> SHOW GRANTS;
+---------------------------------------------+
| Grants for User                             |
+---------------------------------------------+
| GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO 'jennifer'@'%'        |
| GRANT Select ON test.* TO 'jennifer'@'%'    |
| GRANT 'analyticsteam'@'%' TO 'jennifer'@'%' |
+---------------------------------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> SHOW TABLES IN test;
+----------------+
| Tables_in_test |
+----------------+
| t1             |
+----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

MySQL compatibility

This statement is understood to be fully compatible with roles, which are a feature of MySQL 8.0. Any compatibility differences should be reported via an issue on GitHub.

See also