diff --git a/src/api/ErrorMessage.ts b/src/api/ErrorMessage.ts
index 7b16a57..1e71200 100644
--- a/src/api/ErrorMessage.ts
+++ b/src/api/ErrorMessage.ts
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ export const ErrorMessage = {
   LOGIN: '로그인에 실패했어요',
   PROFILE_UPDATE: '프로필을 업데이트하지 못했어요',
   REFRESH: '세션 업데이트에 실패했어요',
+  UNAUTHORIZED: '로그인이 필요해요',
   DASHBOARDS: '대시보드 정보를 불러오지 못했어요',
   CLASSROOM: '강의실 정보를 불러오지 못했어요',
   SEARCH: '검색 결과를 불러오지 못했어요',
@@ -21,5 +22,6 @@ export const ErrorMessage = {
 } as const;
 
 export const API_FETCH_ERROR = 'API_FETCH_ERROR'
+export const SESSION_ERROR = 'SESSION_ERROR'
 
 type ErrorMessage = (typeof ErrorMessage)[keyof typeof ErrorMessage];
diff --git a/src/api/courses/courses.ts b/src/api/courses/courses.ts
index ecd3df3..ba478d2 100644
--- a/src/api/courses/courses.ts
+++ b/src/api/courses/courses.ts
@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
 import getQueryURL from '@/src/util/http/getQueryURL';
 import { Endpoints } from '../Endpoints';
-import { API_FETCH_ERROR, ErrorMessage } from '../ErrorMessage';
+import { ErrorMessage } from '../ErrorMessage';
 import { getAuthorizedHeaders } from '@/src/util/http/getAuthorizedHeaders';
 import { QueryKeys } from '../queryKeys';
+import { fetchErrorHandling } from '@/src/util/http/fetchErrorHandling';
 
 export async function enrollLectureInNewCourse(
   params: EnrollLectureInNewCourseParams
@@ -17,9 +18,7 @@ export async function enrollLectureInNewCourse(
     if (res.ok) {
       return (await res.json()) as Promise<EnrollLectureResponse>;
     } else {
-      return Promise.reject(
-        new Error(ErrorMessage.ENROLLMENT, { cause: API_FETCH_ERROR })
-      );
+      return fetchErrorHandling(res, ErrorMessage.ENROLLMENT);
     }
   });
 }
@@ -38,9 +37,7 @@ export async function enrollLectureInExistingCourse(
     if (res.ok) {
       return (await res.json()) as Promise<EnrollLectureResponse>;
     } else {
-      return Promise.reject(
-        new Error(ErrorMessage.ENROLLMENT, { cause: API_FETCH_ERROR })
-      );
+      return fetchErrorHandling(res, ErrorMessage.ENROLLMENT);
     }
   });
 }
@@ -55,9 +52,7 @@ export async function fetchCourseDetail(course_id: number) {
     if (res.ok) {
       return (await res.json()) as Promise<CourseDetail>;
     } else {
-      return Promise.reject(
-        new Error(ErrorMessage.DETAIL_COURSE, { cause: API_FETCH_ERROR })
-      );
+      return fetchErrorHandling(res, ErrorMessage.DETAIL_COURSE);
     }
   });
 }
@@ -71,9 +66,7 @@ export async function fetchClassroom() {
     if (res.ok) {
       return (await res.json()) as Promise<ClassRoom>;
     } else {
-      return Promise.reject(
-        new Error(ErrorMessage.CLASSROOM, { cause: API_FETCH_ERROR })
-      );
+      return fetchErrorHandling(res, ErrorMessage.CLASSROOM);
     }
   });
 }
@@ -87,9 +80,7 @@ export async function deleteCourse(course_id: number) {
     if (res.ok) {
       return (await res.json()) as Promise<ClassRoom>;
     } else {
-      return Promise.reject(
-        new Error(ErrorMessage.CLASSROOM, { cause: API_FETCH_ERROR })
-      );
+      return fetchErrorHandling(res, ErrorMessage.CLASSROOM);
     }
   });
 }
diff --git a/src/api/dashboards/dashboards.ts b/src/api/dashboards/dashboards.ts
index d03a40b..5475c35 100644
--- a/src/api/dashboards/dashboards.ts
+++ b/src/api/dashboards/dashboards.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import { getAuthorizedHeaders } from '@/src/util/http/getAuthorizedHeaders';
 import { Endpoints } from '../Endpoints';
-import { API_FETCH_ERROR, ErrorMessage } from '../ErrorMessage';
+import { ErrorMessage } from '../ErrorMessage';
+import { fetchErrorHandling } from '@/src/util/http/fetchErrorHandling';
 
 export async function fetchDashboardInfo() {
   const headers = await getAuthorizedHeaders();
@@ -11,9 +12,7 @@ export async function fetchDashboardInfo() {
     if (res.ok) {
       return (await res.json()) as Promise<DashboardInfo>;
     } else {
-      return Promise.reject(
-        new Error(ErrorMessage.DASHBOARDS, { cause: API_FETCH_ERROR })
-      );
+      return fetchErrorHandling(res, ErrorMessage.DASHBOARDS);
     }
   });
 }
diff --git a/src/api/lectures/search.ts b/src/api/lectures/search.ts
index 861d21e..c24ab58 100644
--- a/src/api/lectures/search.ts
+++ b/src/api/lectures/search.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 import getQueryURL from '@/src/util/http/getQueryURL';
 import { Endpoints } from '../Endpoints';
-import { API_FETCH_ERROR, ErrorMessage } from '../ErrorMessage';
+import { ErrorMessage } from '../ErrorMessage';
 import { getAuthorizedHeaders } from '@/src/util/http/getAuthorizedHeaders';
+import { fetchErrorHandling } from '@/src/util/http/fetchErrorHandling';
 
 export async function fetchLecturesByKeyword(params: SearchLectureParams) {
   const headers = await getAuthorizedHeaders();
@@ -12,9 +13,7 @@ export async function fetchLecturesByKeyword(params: SearchLectureParams) {
     if (res.ok) {
       return (await res.json()) as Promise<SearchResultsList>;
     } else {
-      return Promise.reject(
-        new Error(ErrorMessage.SEARCH, { cause: API_FETCH_ERROR })
-      );
+      return fetchErrorHandling(res, ErrorMessage.SEARCH);
     }
   });
 }
@@ -34,9 +33,7 @@ export async function fetchLectureDetail(
     if (res.ok) {
       return (await res.json()) as Promise<LectureDetail>;
     } else {
-      return Promise.reject(
-        new Error(ErrorMessage.DETAIL, { cause: API_FETCH_ERROR })
-      );
+      return fetchErrorHandling(res, ErrorMessage.DETAIL);
     }
   });
 }
@@ -56,9 +53,7 @@ export async function fetchLectureDetailIndex(
     if (res.ok) {
       return (await res.json()) as Promise<LectureIndexList>;
     } else {
-      return Promise.reject(
-        new Error(ErrorMessage.DETAIL_INDEX, { cause: API_FETCH_ERROR })
-      );
+      return fetchErrorHandling(res, ErrorMessage.DETAIL_INDEX);
     }
   });
 }
@@ -78,9 +73,7 @@ export async function fetchLectureDetailReview(
     if (res.ok) {
       return (await res.json()) as Promise<LectureReviewList>;
     } else {
-      return Promise.reject(
-        new Error(ErrorMessage.DETAIL_REVIEW, { cause: API_FETCH_ERROR })
-      );
+      return fetchErrorHandling(res, ErrorMessage.DETAIL_REVIEW);
     }
   });
 }
@@ -94,9 +87,7 @@ export async function fetchLectureRecommendations() {
     if (res.ok) {
       return (await res.json()) as Promise<LectureRecommendations>;
     } else {
-      return Promise.reject(
-        new Error(ErrorMessage.RECOMMENDATIONS, { cause: API_FETCH_ERROR })
-      );
+      return fetchErrorHandling(res, ErrorMessage.RECOMMENDATIONS);
     }
   });
 }
diff --git a/src/api/lectures/time.ts b/src/api/lectures/time.ts
index 866a61a..35ea493 100644
--- a/src/api/lectures/time.ts
+++ b/src/api/lectures/time.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 import { getAuthorizedHeaders } from '@/src/util/http/getAuthorizedHeaders';
 import { Endpoints } from '../Endpoints';
-import { API_FETCH_ERROR, ErrorMessage } from '../ErrorMessage';
+import { ErrorMessage } from '../ErrorMessage';
 import getQueryURL from '@/src/util/http/getQueryURL';
+import { fetchErrorHandling } from '@/src/util/http/fetchErrorHandling';
 
 export async function updateViewDuration(
   params: CourseTakingParams,
@@ -25,9 +26,7 @@ export async function updateViewDuration(
     if (res.ok) {
       return (await res.json()) as Promise<CourseTakingInfo>;
     } else {
-      return Promise.reject(
-        new Error(ErrorMessage.COURSE_TAKING, { cause: API_FETCH_ERROR })
-      );
+      return fetchErrorHandling(res, ErrorMessage.COURSE_TAKING);
     }
   });
 }
diff --git a/src/api/materials/materials.ts b/src/api/materials/materials.ts
index 1c7a190..ef9528d 100644
--- a/src/api/materials/materials.ts
+++ b/src/api/materials/materials.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
+import { fetchErrorHandling } from '@/src/util/http/fetchErrorHandling';
 import { Endpoints } from '../Endpoints';
-import { API_FETCH_ERROR, ErrorMessage } from '../ErrorMessage';
+import { ErrorMessage } from '../ErrorMessage';
 import { getAuthorizedHeaders } from '@/src/util/http/getAuthorizedHeaders';
 
 export async function fetchCourseMaterials(course_video_id: number) {
@@ -11,9 +12,7 @@ export async function fetchCourseMaterials(course_video_id: number) {
     if (res.ok) {
       return (await res.json()) as Promise<CourseMaterials>;
     } else {
-      return Promise.reject(
-        new Error(ErrorMessage.COURSE_MATERIALS, { cause: API_FETCH_ERROR })
-      );
+      return fetchErrorHandling(res, ErrorMessage.COURSE_MATERIALS);
     }
   });
 }
@@ -32,9 +31,7 @@ export async function updateCourseLectureNotes(
     if (res.ok) {
       return (await res.json()) as Promise<Response>;
     } else {
-      return Promise.reject(
-        new Error(ErrorMessage.LECTURENOTES, { cause: API_FETCH_ERROR })
-      );
+      return fetchErrorHandling(res, ErrorMessage.LECTURENOTES);
     }
   });
 }
@@ -53,9 +50,7 @@ export async function updateCourseQuizGrade(
     if (res.ok) {
       return (await res.json()) as Promise<Response>;
     } else {
-      return Promise.reject(
-        new Error(ErrorMessage.QUIZZES, { cause: API_FETCH_ERROR })
-      );
+      return fetchErrorHandling(res, ErrorMessage.QUIZZES);
     }
   });
 }
diff --git a/src/api/members/members.ts b/src/api/members/members.ts
index 708dfc1..1fa7bc0 100644
--- a/src/api/members/members.ts
+++ b/src/api/members/members.ts
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import getHeaders from '@/src/util/http/getHeaders';
 import { Endpoints } from '../Endpoints';
 import { API_FETCH_ERROR, ErrorMessage } from '../ErrorMessage';
 import { getAuthorizedHeaders } from '@/src/util/http/getAuthorizedHeaders';
+import { fetchErrorHandling } from '@/src/util/http/fetchErrorHandling';
 
 export async function fetchUserAuthWithCredential(
   credential: GoogleLoginCredential
@@ -36,9 +37,7 @@ export async function fetchUserAuthWithRefreshToken(
     if (res.ok) {
       return (await res.json()) as Promise<LoginResponse>;
     } else {
-      return Promise.reject(
-        new Error(ErrorMessage.REFRESH, { cause: API_FETCH_ERROR })
-      );
+      return fetchErrorHandling(res, ErrorMessage.REFRESH);
     }
   });
 }
@@ -54,9 +53,7 @@ export async function updateUserProfile(name: string) {
     if (res.ok) {
       return (await res.json()) as Promise<ProfileUpdateResponse>;
     } else {
-      return Promise.reject(
-        new Error(ErrorMessage.PROFILE_UPDATE, { cause: API_FETCH_ERROR })
-      );
+      fetchErrorHandling(res, ErrorMessage.PROFILE_UPDATE);
     }
   });
 }
diff --git a/src/api/reviews/reviews.ts b/src/api/reviews/reviews.ts
index 28a87c4..4a25a3a 100644
--- a/src/api/reviews/reviews.ts
+++ b/src/api/reviews/reviews.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import { getAuthorizedHeaders } from '@/src/util/http/getAuthorizedHeaders';
 import { Endpoints } from '../Endpoints';
-import { API_FETCH_ERROR, ErrorMessage } from '../ErrorMessage';
+import { ErrorMessage } from '../ErrorMessage';
+import { fetchErrorHandling } from '@/src/util/http/fetchErrorHandling';
 
 export async function fetchReviewListByCourse(courseId: number) {
   const headers = await getAuthorizedHeaders();
@@ -11,9 +12,7 @@ export async function fetchReviewListByCourse(courseId: number) {
     if (res.ok) {
       return (await res.json()) as Promise<CourseReviewResponse>;
     } else {
-      return Promise.reject(
-        new Error(ErrorMessage.REVIEW_LIST, { cause: API_FETCH_ERROR })
-      );
+      return fetchErrorHandling(res, ErrorMessage.REVIEW_LIST);
     }
   });
 }
@@ -32,9 +31,7 @@ export async function updateLectureReview(
     if (res.ok) {
       return (await res.json()) as Promise<Response>;
     } else {
-      return Promise.reject(
-        new Error(ErrorMessage.REVIEW_UPDATE, { cause: API_FETCH_ERROR })
-      );
+      return fetchErrorHandling(res, ErrorMessage.REVIEW_UPDATE);
     }
   });
 }
diff --git a/src/components/gnb/NavBar.tsx b/src/components/gnb/NavBar.tsx
index a02ba5d..5169a48 100644
--- a/src/components/gnb/NavBar.tsx
+++ b/src/components/gnb/NavBar.tsx
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ export default function NavBar({ logo, profileDropdown }: Props) {
   const { mutate } = useMutation(() => updateUserProfile(name), {
     onSuccess: (data) => {
       setIsEditMode(false);
+      if (!data) return;
       setName(() => data.name);
     }
   });
diff --git a/src/constants/query/query.ts b/src/constants/query/query.ts
index ef2876c..42ca2fe 100644
--- a/src/constants/query/query.ts
+++ b/src/constants/query/query.ts
@@ -2,3 +2,4 @@ import { ONE_MINUTE_IN_MS } from "../time/time";
 
 export const CACHE_TIME = ONE_MINUTE_IN_MS * 30;
 export const STALE_TIME = ONE_MINUTE_IN_MS * 5;
+export const UNAUTHORIZED = 401;
diff --git a/src/hooks/useAuth.ts b/src/hooks/useAuth.ts
index 005f9b3..de0c293 100644
--- a/src/hooks/useAuth.ts
+++ b/src/hooks/useAuth.ts
@@ -7,13 +7,26 @@ import { ErrorMessage } from '../api/ErrorMessage';
 import { ONE_MINUTE_IN_MS } from '../constants/time/time';
 import setErrorToast from '../util/toast/setErrorToast';
 
-const refreshInterval = ONE_MINUTE_IN_MS * 29;
-
 export default function useAuth() {
   const router = useRouter();
   const { data: session, status, update } = useSession();
+
   const refreshToken = { refresh_token: session?.refresh_token ?? '' };
 
+  const calculateRefreshInterval = () => {
+    if (!session) return 0;
+
+    const NOW = Date.now();
+    const EXPIRES_AT = session.expires_at * 1000;
+
+    const REFRESH_INTERVAL = EXPIRES_AT - NOW - ONE_MINUTE_IN_MS;
+
+    if (REFRESH_INTERVAL <= 0) {
+      return 0;
+    }
+    return REFRESH_INTERVAL;
+  };
+
   const silentRefresh = async () => {
     const response = await fetchUserAuthWithRefreshToken(refreshToken).catch(
       async () => {
@@ -27,7 +40,7 @@ export default function useAuth() {
 
   useQuery([QueryKeys.REFRESH], silentRefresh, {
     enabled: !!session,
-    refetchInterval: refreshInterval,
+    refetchInterval: calculateRefreshInterval,
     refetchOnMount: false,
     refetchOnWindowFocus: false,
     refetchIntervalInBackground: true,
diff --git a/src/providers/QueryProvider.tsx b/src/providers/QueryProvider.tsx
index f051d24..1829088 100644
--- a/src/providers/QueryProvider.tsx
+++ b/src/providers/QueryProvider.tsx
@@ -3,7 +3,19 @@ import { useState } from 'react';
 import { QueryClient, QueryClientProvider } from '@tanstack/react-query';
 
 export default function QueryProvider({ children }: React.PropsWithChildren) {
-  const [queryClient] = useState(() => new QueryClient({}));
+  const [queryClient] = useState(
+    () =>
+      new QueryClient({
+        defaultOptions: {
+          queries: {
+            retry: 2
+          },
+          mutations: {
+            retry: 2
+          }
+        }
+      })
+  );
 
   return (
     <QueryClientProvider client={queryClient}>{children}</QueryClientProvider>
diff --git a/src/util/http/fetchErrorHandling.ts b/src/util/http/fetchErrorHandling.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..02a4807
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/util/http/fetchErrorHandling.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+import {
+  API_FETCH_ERROR,
+  ErrorMessage,
+  SESSION_ERROR
+} from '@/src/api/ErrorMessage';
+import { UNAUTHORIZED } from '@/src/constants/query/query';
+
+export function fetchErrorHandling(res: Response, errorMessage: string) {
+  if (res.status === UNAUTHORIZED) {
+    return Promise.reject(
+      new Error(ErrorMessage.UNAUTHORIZED, { cause: SESSION_ERROR })
+    );
+  } else {
+    return Promise.reject(new Error(errorMessage, { cause: API_FETCH_ERROR }));
+  }
+}